0084-largest-rectangle-in-histogram.ts

function largestRectangleArea(heights: number[]): number {
    let largestArea = 0;
    let stack = [];

    for (let i = 0; i < heights.length; i++) {
        let start = i;

        while (stack.length > 0 && stack[stack.length - 1][1] > heights[i]) {
            let [lastI, lastH] = stack.pop();
            largestArea = Math.max(largestArea, lastH * (i - lastI));
            start = lastI;
        }
        stack.push([start, heights[i]]);
    }

    for (let j = 0; j < stack.length; j++) {
        let currArea = stack[j][1] * (heights.length - stack[j][0]);
        largestArea = Math.max(largestArea, currArea);
    }

    return largestArea;
}