[Fleet] Improve recoverability and stability of package installation - UI enhancements

[criamico]

Phase 2 of #169147

Summary

• Display the detailed state of an install/upgrade in the UI. We can show a progress bar or checklist with successful/failed steps
  To be able to do this, we'd need to surface information about the latest completed state in some way. That info is partially retrievable from the ES index and it's only recorded for a failed state, so we need to investigate how to do it.
• Investigate the option to retry failed steps with a click. This depends on [Fleet] Expose individual package installation state machine steps as separate API endpoints #175609

Designs TBD

[elasticmachine]

Pinging @elastic/fleet (Team:Fleet)

[kpollich]

If we want to be able to retry each step individually, I think this is blocked by #175609