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NixOS Minimal Install - From Live ISO

The official NixOS.org site has very good documentation. This is a condensed version for myself.

https://nixos.org/manual/nixos/stable/#sec-booting-from-usb

You will need to sudo or sudo -i the majority of these commands.

Create Installation Media

  1. Flash the minimal image to a USB device from Linux dd if=<nixos-minimal-image.iso> of=/path/to/usb bs=4M conv=fsync
  2. Boot from the USB on the target device

Wireless Networking

  1. Start wpa_supplicant > systemctl start wpa_supplicant
  2. Enable a wireless network > wpa_cli
add_network 0
set_network 0 ssid "SSID"
set_netwwork 0 psk "PSK"
set_network 0 key_mgmt WPA-PSK
enable_network 0

Partition

  1. lsblk - to identify connected drives

  2. Format the disk > fdisk /dev/path-to-target

  3. Create a new GPT partition table > g

  4. Create a new partition > n

  5. Create the following structure at minimum

|-/dev/sda1 efi   > t > 1
|-/dev/sda2 linux-filesystem 
|-/dev/sda3 (optional)swap t > 19
  1. Write changes to disk > w

Format

  1. For EFI > mkfs.fat -F 32 /dev/sda1
  2. For Primary > mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda2
  3. For swap > mkswap -L swap /dev/sda3 > sudo swapon

Encrypted Primary

  1. Format with LUKS > cryptsetup luksFormat /dev/sda2
  2. Open with LUKS > cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/sda2 cryptroot
  3. Format mapped cryptroot > mkfs.ext4 -L nixos /dev/mapper/cryptroot

Mounting

  1. Mount the primary partition to /mnt > mount /dev/disk/by-label/nixos /mnt
  2. Make boot dir > mkdir -p /mnt/boot
  3. Mount boot > mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot

Generate configuration

  1. Generate > nixos-generate-config --root /mnt
  2. Edit configuration.nix > nano /mnt/etc/nixos/configuration.nix

Minimal Configuration for wireless networking with wpa_supplicant

{ config, pkgs, ... }:
{
	imports = [ ./hardware-configuration.nix ]
	
	boot.loader.systemd-boot.enalbe = true;
	boot.loader.efi.canTouchEfiVariables = true;

	networking.wireless.enable = true;
	networking.wireless.interface = [ "interface" ];
	networking.wireless.userControlled.enable = true;

	users.users.user = {
		isNormalUser = true;
		extraGroups = [ "wheel" ];
		initialPassword = "temp123";	
	};
	system.stateVersion = "23.05";
}

Enable swap in hardware-configuration.nix

swapDevices = [ { device = "/dev/disk/by-label/swap"; } ];

Install and reboot

  1. Install > nixos-install
  2. You will be prompted for a root password afterwards.
  3. Reboot > reboot