Compositional Freebase Questions (CFQ)

This repository contains a leaderboard and code for training and evaluating ML architectures on the Compositional Freebase Questions (CFQ) dataset.

The dataset can be downloaded from the following URL:

Download the CFQ dataset

The dataset and details about its construction and use are described in this ICLR 2020 paper: Measuring Compositional Generalization: A Comprehensive Method on Realistic Data.

Leaderboard

Architectures are ranked by accuracy on MCD-MEAN, which is the average over the accuracy of the three MCD splits. We also report average accuracy results and 95% confidence intervals on the individual MCD splits.

If you submit papers on CFQ, please consider sending a pull request to merge your results onto the leaderboard.

	MCD-MEAN	MCD1	MCD2	MCD3
HPD [3]	67.3 +/- 4.1	72.0 +/- 7.5	66.1 +/- 6.4	63.9 +/- 5.7
T5-11B-mod [2]	42.1 +/- 9.1	61.6 +/- 12.4	31.3 +/ 12.8	33.3 +/- 2.3
T5-11B [2]	40.9 +/- 4.3	61.4 +/- 4.8	30.1 +/- 2.2	31.2 +/- 5.7
Evolved Transformer [2]	20.8 +/- 0.7	42.4 +/- 1.0	9.3 +/- 0.8	10.8 +/- 0.2
Universal Transformer [1]	18.9 +/- 1.4	37.4 +/- 2.2	8.1 +/- 1.6	11.3 +/- 0.3
Transformer [1]	17.9 +/- 0.9	34.9 +/- 1.1	8.2 +/- 0.3	10.6 +/- 1.1
LSTM+Attention [1]	14.9 +/- 1.1	28.9 +/- 1.8	5.0 +/- 0.8	10.8 +/- 0.6
CGPS [2]	7.1 +/- 1.8	13.2 +/- 3.9	1.6 +/- 0.8	6.6 +/- 0.6
Neural Shuffle Exchange [2]	2.8 +/- 0.3	5.1 +/- 0.4	0.9 +/- 0.1	2.3 +/- 0.3

[1] Keysers, Daniel, Nathanael Schärli, Nathan Scales, Hylke Buisman, Daniel Furrer, Sergii Kashubin, Nikola Momchev et al. "Measuring Compositional Generalization: A Comprehensive Method on Realistic Data." In ICLR2019.

[2] Daniel Furrer, Marc van Zee, Nathan Scales, Nathanael Schärli. "Compositional Generalization in Semantic Parsing: Pre-training vs. Specialized Architectures" In arXiv e-prints, arXiv:2007.08970 2020.

[3] Yinuo Guo, Zeqi Lin, Jian-Guang Lou, Dongmei Zhang. "Hierarchical Poset Decoding for Compositional Generalization in Language" In NeurIPS2020.

Requirements

This library requires Python3 and the following Python3 libraries:

• absl-py
• tensorflow
• tensor2tensor
• tensorflow-datasets

We recommend getting pip3 and then running the following command, which will install all required libraries in one go:

sudo pip3 install -r requirements.txt

Note that Tensor2Tensor is no longer updated and is based on Tensorflow 1 which is only available for Python <= 3.7.

Training and evaluating a model

In order to train and evaluate a model, run the following:

bash run_experiment.sh

This will download and preprocessing the dataset, then train an LSTM model with attention on the random split of the CFQ dataset, after which it will directly be evaluated.

NOTE This may take quite long and consume a lot of memory. It is tested on a machine with 6-core/12-hyperthread CPUs at 3.7Ghz, and 64Gb RAM, which took about 20 hours. Also note that this will consume roughly 35Gb of RAM during preprocessing. The run-time can be sped up significantly by running Tensorflow with GPU support.

The expected accuracy using the default setting of the script is 97.4 +/- 0.3.

In order to run a different model or try a different split, simply modify the parameters in run_experiment.sh. See that file for additional details.

For the expected accuracies of the other splits and architectures, please see the paper (Table 4). In the paper we report the averages and confidence intervals based on 5 runs. For the MCD splits, these numbers vary between MCD1, MCD2, and MCD3, and the numbers reported in Table 4 are the averages over the 3 splits. Accuracies vary between 5% and 37% over splits and architectures:

	LSTM+attention	Transformer	Universal Transformer
MCD1	28.9 +/- 1.8	34.9 +/- 1.1	37.4 +/- 2.2
MCD2	5.0 +/- 0.8	8.2 +/- 0.3	8.1 +/- 1.6
MCD3	10.8 +/- 0.6	10.6 +/- 1.1	11.3 +/- 0.3

SCAN MCD splits

We also publish the SCAN MCD splits from our paper. In order to run over those please download the dataset from the original source, set dataset_local_path to point to the tasks.txt file and adjust split_path to point to one of the mcd.json files from our scan archive.

Tensorflow datasets

Our dataset and splits are also part of TensorFlow Datasets (as of v2.1.0). Using the data is as simple as:

import tensorflow_datasets as tfds
data = tfds.load('cfq/mcd1')

License

CFQ is released under the CC-BY license.

Dataset Metadata

The following table is necessary for this dataset to be indexed by search engines such as Google Dataset Search.

property	value
name	Compositional Freebase Questions
alternateName	cfq
url	https://github.com/google-research/google-research/tree/master/cfq
description	The Compositional Freebase Questions (CFQ) is a dataset that is specifically designed to measure compositional generalization. CFQ is a simple yet realistic, large dataset of natural language questions and answers that also provides for each question a corresponding SPARQL query against the Freebase knowledge base. This means that CFQ can also be used for semantic parsing.
provider	property value name Google sameAs https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google
license	property value name CC BY-SA 3.0 url https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/
citation	Daniel Keysers et al. "Measuring Compositional Generalization: A Comprehensive Method on Realistic Data" (2020). https://openreview.net/pdf?id=SygcCnNKwr