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LeetCode - 314
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<div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody"><h2 id="314-Binary-Tree-Vertical-Order-Traversal"><a href="#314-Binary-Tree-Vertical-Order-Traversal" class="headerlink" title="314 Binary Tree Vertical Order Traversal"></a>314 Binary Tree Vertical Order Traversal</h2><p>原題目是付費題目，有興趣看到完整的請自行付費觀賞，在此就不提供超連結了。</p>
<h2 id="Introduction"><a href="#Introduction" class="headerlink" title="Introduction"></a>Introduction</h2><ul>
<li><p>給定一個 binary tree，將此 tree 以 vertical 的方式走過，</p>
</li>
<li><p>輸出時，從最左邊開始輸出</p>
</li>
<li><p>相同 colume 的算同一個 group，若屬於同 row 且同 colume，則從左邊開始算起</p>
<span id="more"></span></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="Example"><a href="#Example" class="headerlink" title="Example"></a>Example</h2><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"> 0</span><br><span class="line"> / \</span><br><span class="line"> 1 4</span><br><span class="line"> / \ / \</span><br><span class="line">2 35 6</span><br><span class="line"> / \</span><br><span class="line"> 7 8</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>輸出為<br>[2]<br>[1]<br>[0,3,5]<br>[4,7]<br>[6]<br>[8]</p>
<h2 id="Solution"><a href="#Solution" class="headerlink" title="Solution"></a>Solution</h2><p>這題不太困難，基本上可以採用 BFS 來搜尋整個 tree，然後加入一個 index 的欄位，root 的 index 是 0，往左遞減，往右遞增，在 BFS 的過程中，就把相同 index 都收集起來，最後再一口氣輸出即可。</p>
<p>pseudo code 如下</p>
<figure class="highlight cpp"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">queue.<span class="built_in">push</span>(<span class="built_in">pair</span>(<span class="number">0</span>, root));</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">while</span> (!queue.<span class="built_in">empty</span>()) {</span><br><span class="line"> index = queue.<span class="built_in">front</span>().first;</span><br><span class="line"> node = queue.<span class="built_in">front</span>().second;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> ans[index].<span class="built_in">push</span>(node->val)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (node->left)</span><br><span class="line"> queue.<span class="built_in">push</span>(<span class="built_in">pair</span>(index<span class="number">-1</span>, node->left);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (node->right)</span><br><span class="line"> queue.<span class="built_in">push</span>(<span class="built_in">pair</span>(index+<span class="number">1</span>, node->right);</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">return</span> ans;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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