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Overview
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<div class="post-toc animated"><ol class="nav"><li class="nav-item nav-level-1"><a class="nav-link" href="#%E5%89%8D%E8%A8%80"><span class="nav-number">1.</span> <span class="nav-text">前言</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83"><span class="nav-number">1.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">環境</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-1"><a class="nav-link" href="#MTU-%E7%9A%84%E5%BD%B1%E9%9F%BF"><span class="nav-number">2.</span> <span class="nav-text">MTU 的影響</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#TCP"><span class="nav-number">2.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">TCP</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#UDP"><span class="nav-number">2.2.</span> <span class="nav-text">UDP</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#%E7%B5%90%E8%AB%96"><span class="nav-number">2.3.</span> <span class="nav-text">結論</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-1"><a class="nav-link" href="#%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8-Raw-Data-%E4%BE%86%E9%80%B2%E8%A1%8C-CNI-%E7%9A%84%E8%A9%95%E6%B8%AC"><span class="nav-number">3.</span> <span class="nav-text">使用 Raw Data 來進行 CNI 的評測</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#%E8%B3%87%E6%BA%90%E6%95%88%E8%83%BD%E8%A9%95%E6%AF%94"><span class="nav-number">3.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">資源效能評比</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#Pod-to-Pod"><span class="nav-number">3.2.</span> <span class="nav-text">Pod to Pod</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#TCP-1"><span class="nav-number">3.2.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">TCP</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#UDP-1"><span class="nav-number">3.2.2.</span> <span class="nav-text">UDP</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#Pod-to-Service"><span class="nav-number">3.3.</span> <span class="nav-text">Pod to Service</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#TCP-2"><span class="nav-number">3.3.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">TCP</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#UDP-2"><span class="nav-number">3.3.2.</span> <span class="nav-text">UDP</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#Network-Policies"><span class="nav-number">3.4.</span> <span class="nav-text">Network Policies</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-1"><a class="nav-link" href="#CNI-%E5%8A%A0%E5%AF%86"><span class="nav-number">4.</span> <span class="nav-text">CNI 加密</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#%E6%95%88%E8%83%BD%E9%83%A8%E5%88%86"><span class="nav-number">4.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">效能部分</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#Pod-to-Pod-TCP-x2F-UDP"><span class="nav-number">4.2.</span> <span class="nav-text">Pod to Pod TCP/UDP</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#%E8%B3%87%E6%BA%90%E6%95%88%E8%83%BD%E8%A9%95%E6%AF%94-TCP-x2F-UDP"><span class="nav-number">4.3.</span> <span class="nav-text">資源效能評比 TCP/UDP</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#TCP-3"><span class="nav-number">4.3.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">TCP</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#UDP-3"><span class="nav-number">4.3.2.</span> <span class="nav-text">UDP</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#Pod-to-Service-TCP-x2F-UDP"><span class="nav-number">4.4.</span> <span class="nav-text">Pod to Service TCP/UDP</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-1"><a class="nav-link" href="#%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%90"><span class="nav-number">5.</span> <span class="nav-text">總結</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#MTU-x2F-%E5%8A%A0%E5%AF%86%E6%95%88%E6%9E%9C"><span class="nav-number">5.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">MTU/加密效果</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#%E6%B5%81%E9%87%8F%E8%A9%95%E6%AF%94"><span class="nav-number">5.2.</span> <span class="nav-text">流量評比</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#%E8%B3%87%E6%BA%90%E6%B6%88%E8%80%97%E8%A9%95%E6%AF%94"><span class="nav-number">5.3.</span> <span class="nav-text">資源消耗評比</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-1"><a class="nav-link" href="#%E5%80%8B%E4%BA%BA%E5%BF%83%E5%BE%97"><span class="nav-number">6.</span> <span class="nav-text">個人心得</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-1"><a class="nav-link" href="#%E5%8F%83%E8%80%83%E4%BE%86%E6%BA%90"><span 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[文章導讀] - 基於10G網路的 Kubernetes CNI 效能比較
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<div class="post-description">本篇文章是節錄自網路上一篇關於 CNI 於10G網路下的效能分析，主要是讀後心得分享</div>
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<div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody"><h1 id="前言"><a href="#前言" class="headerlink" title="前言"></a>前言</h1><p>本文參考自 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://itnext.io/benchmark-results-of-kubernetes-network-plugins-cni-over-10gbit-s-network-updated-august-2020-6e1b757b9e49">Benchmark results of Kubernetes network plugins (CNI) over 10Gbit/s network (Updated: August 2020)</a>，主要用來記錄閱讀的心得分享，詳細全文請點選上述連結觀看。</p>
<h2 id="環境"><a href="#環境" class="headerlink" title="環境"></a>環境</h2><p>本篇文章的環境基於下列版本</p>
<ol>
<li>Kubernetes: 1.19</li>
<li>Ubuntu: 18.04</li>
<li>受測 CNI:<ol>
<li>Antrea v.0.9.1</li>
<li>Calico v3.16</li>
<li>Canal v3.16 (Flannel network + Calico Network Policies)</li>
<li>Cilium 1.8.2</li>
<li>Flannel 0.12.0</li>
<li>Kube-router latest (2020–08–25)</li>
<li>WeaveNet 2.7.0</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<p>內容是 2020 8月份時進行的實測結果</p>
<p>該文用到的所有測試工具全部都開源並放到 Github 上，對其專案有興趣的可以到這邊觀看內容 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/InfraBuilder/benchmark-k8s-cni-2020-08">benchmark-k8s-cni-2020-08</a> 或是閱讀本文的第一大章節，有介紹一些工具的使用。</p>
<h1 id="MTU-的影響"><a href="#MTU-的影響" class="headerlink" title="MTU 的影響"></a>MTU 的影響</h1><p>文章中針對三款 CNI (Calico, Canal, WeaveNet) 測試看看 <code>偵測MTU的功能</code> 基於 TCP/UDP 下的效能如何</p>
<h2 id="TCP"><a href="#TCP" class="headerlink" title="TCP"></a>TCP</h2><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>CNI\MTU</th>
<th>Auto MTU</th>
<th>Custom MTU</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td>Calico</td>
<td>8876</td>
<td>9834</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Canal</td>
<td>8530</td>
<td>9817</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Weave Net</td>
<td>4880</td>
<td>9759</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>以上數字都是 Mbit/s</p>
<h2 id="UDP"><a href="#UDP" class="headerlink" title="UDP"></a>UDP</h2><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>CNI\MTU</th>
<th>Auto MTU</th>
<th>Custom MTU</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td>1Calico</td>
<td>1901</td>
<td>9757</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Canal</td>
<td>1820</td>
<td>9742</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Weave Net</td>
<td>1809</td>
<td>9593</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>以上數字都是 Mbit/s</p>
<h2 id="結論"><a href="#結論" class="headerlink" title="結論"></a>結論</h2><p>上述的結論可以看到 <code>Auto MTU</code> 的效能都非常差，原因並不是 <code>Auto MTU</code> 沒有效，而是因為這些 CNI 目前根本沒有支持 <code>Auto MTU</code> 的做法，而 <code>Calico</code> 直到 3.7 版本才正式支持 <code>Auto MTU</code> 這個功能，而且根據作者的測試其功能良好。</p>
<p>作者認為對於這種需要設定 Jumbo frames 的環境下，如果沒有 <code>Auto MTU</code> 的話，管理員則需要手動去設定這些 MTU，所以非常希望每個 CNI 能夠去實作 <code>Auto MTU</code> 的功能來自動偵測並且設定，減少管理員需要人工介入的需求。</p>
<p>至於其他的 CNI 為什麼沒有測試，因為他們都有實作 Auto-MTU 的功能</p>
<ol>
<li>Antrea</li>
<li>Cilium</li>
<li>Flannel</li>
<li>Kube-OVN</li>
</ol>
<p>其中 <code>Kube-router</code> 這邊作者標示為 None, 估計可能是根本不能設定 MTU</p>
<h1 id="使用-Raw-Data-來進行-CNI-的評測"><a href="#使用-Raw-Data-來進行-CNI-的評測" class="headerlink" title="使用 Raw Data 來進行 CNI 的評測"></a>使用 Raw Data 來進行 CNI 的評測</h1><p>這章節主要會用來比較這些再正確 MTU 設定下不同 CNI 之間的效能比較</p>
<h2 id="資源效能評比"><a href="#資源效能評比" class="headerlink" title="資源效能評比"></a>資源效能評比</h2><p>一開始作者先比較基於閒置狀況下，不同 CNI 所消耗的資源狀況，包含了 CPU 以及 Memory。</p>
<p>原文中是用 CPU(%) 以及 Memory (MB) 來畫圖，我則是將這些數字用幾個等級來區分，<code>數字愈低代表使用量愈低</code></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>CNI\資源類型</th>
<th>CPU</th>
<th>Memory</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td>Antrea</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Calico</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Canal</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cilium</td>
<td>5</td>
<td>5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Flannel</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Kube-OVN</td>
<td>8</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Kube-router</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Weave Net</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>裸機</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>2</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>這邊可以觀察到</p>
<ol>
<li><p>Weave Net/Flannel 的資源使用量最低</p>
</li>
<li><p>Cilium 資源使用量偏高</p>
</li>
<li><p>Kube-OVN 資源使用量最高</p>
</li>
<li><p>剩下的資源使用量都差不多，我認為可以算是同一個等級</p>
</li>
</ol>
<blockquote>
<p>Kube-OVN > Cilium > 剩下全部 > WeaveNet/Flannel</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="Pod-to-Pod"><a href="#Pod-to-Pod" class="headerlink" title="Pod to Pod"></a>Pod to Pod</h2><p>接下來看一下 Pod to Pod 的存取，這邊的方式是直接用 Pod 的 IP 來存去，並不是任何用 Service 這種方式來存取。</p>
<h3 id="TCP-1"><a href="#TCP-1" class="headerlink" title="TCP"></a>TCP</h3><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>CNI\Performance</th>
<th>Mbit/s</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td>Antrea</td>
<td>9826</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Calico</td>
<td>9834</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Canal</td>
<td>9817</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cilium</td>
<td>9426</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Flannel</td>
<td>9690</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Kube-OVN</td>
<td>9029</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Kube-router</td>
<td>8051</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Weave Net</td>
<td>9759</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>裸機</td>
<td>9906</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>從上面的數據可以觀察到</p>
<ol>
<li>Kube-router 的數據最差</li>
<li>Kube-OVN 也沒有很好，大概就 9Gb/s 左右</li>
<li>Cilium 大概介於 9.5Gb/s</li>
<li>剩下的都 CNI 效能跟裸機都不會差太多</li>
</ol>
<p>接下來觀察一下這個實驗中，不同 CNI 的資源消耗量，原文中是用 CPU(%) 以及 Memory (MB) 來畫圖，我則是將這些數字用幾個等級來區分，<code>數字愈低代表使用量愈低</code></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>CNI\資源類型</th>
<th>CPU</th>
<th>Memory</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td>Antrea</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Calico</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Canal</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cilium</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Flannel</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Kube-OVN</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Kube-router</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Weave Net</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>裸機</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>2</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>從上面的結論觀察，我認為跟 <code>閒置</code> 的情況差不多，唯一的差異就是 Weavenet 從最少使用量的 CNI 變成第三高</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Kube-OVN > Cilium > WeaveNet > 剩下全部</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="UDP-1"><a href="#UDP-1" class="headerlink" title="UDP"></a>UDP</h3><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>CNI\Performance</th>
<th>Mbit/s</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td>Antrea</td>
<td>9796</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Calico</td>
<td>9757</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Canal</td>
<td>9742</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cilium</td>
<td>9726</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Flannel</td>
<td>9846</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Kube-OVN</td>
<td>5833</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Kube-router</td>
<td>2810</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Weave Net</td>
<td>9539</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>裸機</td>
<td>9885</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>從上面的數據可以觀察到</p>
<ol>
<li>Kube-router 的數據最差，連 3Gb/s 都不到，非常慘，不到 30% 的效能</li>
<li>Kube-OVN 也很不好，大概只有 6Gb/s</li>
<li>剩下的都 CNI 效能跟裸機都不會差太多</li>
</ol>
<p>接下來觀察一下這個實驗中，不同 CNI 的資源消耗量，原文中是用 CPU(%) 以及 Memory (MB) 來畫圖，我則是將這些數字用幾個等級來區分，<code>數字愈低代表使用量愈低</code></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>CNI\資源類型</th>
<th>CPU</th>
<th>Memory</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td>Antrea</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Calico</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Canal</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cilium</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Flannel</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Kube-OVN</td>
<td>5</td>
<td>5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Kube-router</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Weave Net</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>裸機</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>2</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>從上面的結論觀察，跟 <code>閒置</code> 比較起來比較有一些變化</p>
<ol>
<li>Kube-OVN 永遠都是使用資源第一名</li>
<li>Cilium 還是第二名</li>
<li>第三名則是 WeaveNet/Antrea/Kube-Router</li>
<li>剩下的等級差不多</li>
</ol>
<p>Kube-OVN > Cilium > WeaveNet/Antrea/Kube-Router > Calico/Canal/Flannel > 裸機</p>
<h2 id="Pod-to-Service"><a href="#Pod-to-Service" class="headerlink" title="Pod to Service"></a>Pod to Service</h2><p>這個情況下則是探討透過 Service 來存取目標 Pod，也是基於 TCP/UDP 來測試，其中 Service 則是基於 ClusterIP 的設定才測試。</p>
<h3 id="TCP-2"><a href="#TCP-2" class="headerlink" title="TCP"></a>TCP</h3><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>CNI\Performance</th>
<th>Mbit/s</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td>Antrea</td>
<td>9789</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Calico</td>
<td>9841</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Canal</td>
<td>9757</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cilium</td>
<td>9630</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Flannel</td>
<td>9826</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Kube-OVN</td>
<td>9409</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Kube-router</td>
<td>8380</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Weave Net</td>
<td>9749</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>從上面的數據可以觀察到</p>
<ol>
<li>Kube-router 的數據最差, 大概只剩下 85% 效能</li>
<li>Kube-OVN 還行，大概 95%</li>
<li>剩下的都 CNI 效能都差不多， 97% +-1%。</li>
</ol>
<p>接下來觀察一下這個實驗中，不同 CNI 的資源消耗量，原文中是用 CPU(%) 以及 Memory (MB) 來畫圖，我則是將這些數字用幾個等級來區分，<code>數字愈低代表使用量愈低</code></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>CNI\資源類型</th>
<th>CPU</th>
<th>Memory</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td>Antrea</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Calico</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Canal</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cilium</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Flannel</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Kube-OVN</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Kube-router</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Weave Net</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>從上面的結論觀察，跟 <code>閒置</code> 比較起來比較有一些變化</p>
<ol>
<li>Kube-OVN 永遠都是使用資源第一名</li>
<li>Cilium 還是第二名</li>
<li>第三名則是 WeaveNet/Antrea</li>
<li>剩下的等級差不多</li>
</ol>
<p>Kube-OVN > Cilium > WeaveNet/Antrea > Kube-Router/Calico/Canal/Flannel > 裸機</p>
<p>相對於 Pod to Pod 的情況來看， Pod to Service 中 Antrea 的效能消耗更高，從第四名那群躍升到第三名。</p>
<h3 id="UDP-2"><a href="#UDP-2" class="headerlink" title="UDP"></a>UDP</h3><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>CNI\Performance</th>
<th>Mbit/s</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td>Antrea</td>
<td>8618</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Calico</td>
<td>9420</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Canal</td>
<td>9800</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cilium</td>
<td>9712</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Flannel</td>
<td>9825</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Kube-OVN</td>
<td>5380</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Kube-router</td>
<td>2781</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Weave Net</td>
<td>9154</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>從上面的數據可以觀察到</p>
<ol>
<li>Kube-router 的數據最差，連 3Gb/s 都不到，非常慘，不到 30% 的效能</li>
<li>Kube-OVN 也很不好，大概只有 5Gb/s</li>
<li>Antrea 的效能也不好了，大概只有 8.6 Gb/s</li>
<li>Calico 以及 WeaveNet 的效能也都降到 95% 以下，不到 9.5Gb/s</li>
<li>剩下的都 CNI 效能都差不多 (Canal/Cilium/Flannel)</li>
</ol>
<p>接下來觀察一下這個實驗中，不同 CNI 的資源消耗量，原文中是用 CPU(%) 以及 Memory (MB) 來畫圖，我則是將這些數字用幾個等級來區分，<code>數字愈低代表使用量愈低</code></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>CNI\資源類型</th>
<th>CPU</th>
<th>Memory</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td>Antrea</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Calico</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Canal</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cilium</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Flannel</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Kube-OVN</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Kube-router</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Weave Net</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>從上面的結論觀察，跟 <code>閒置</code> 比較起來比較有一些變化</p>
<ol>
<li>Kube-OVN 跟 Cilium 兩個各有千秋，一個 CPU 用比較多，一個則是記憶體比較多</li>
<li>Antrea/WeaveNet/Kube-router 三者消耗的層級差不多</li>
<li>Calico/Canal/Flannel 三者差不多</li>
</ol>
<p>Kube-OVN/Cilium > WeaveNet/Antrea/Kube-Router > Calico/Canal/Flannel</p>
<h2 id="Network-Policies"><a href="#Network-Policies" class="headerlink" title="Network Policies"></a>Network Policies</h2><p>這邊沒有任何的數據測試，除了 Flannel 外，剩下的 CNI 都有實現 Ingress/Egress(往內/往外) 的 Network Policies，很棒!</p>
<h1 id="CNI-加密"><a href="#CNI-加密" class="headerlink" title="CNI 加密"></a>CNI 加密</h1><p>測試的 CNI 解決方案中，只有四套有支援資料加密的部分，分別是</p>
<ol>
<li>Antrea (IPSec)</li>
<li>Calico (wireguard)</li>
<li>Cilium (IPSec)</li>
<li>WeaveNet (IPSec)</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="效能部分"><a href="#效能部分" class="headerlink" title="效能部分"></a>效能部分</h2><p>因為這邊效能比較少，所以我們將 TCP/UDP 放在一起評比</p>
<h2 id="Pod-to-Pod-TCP-x2F-UDP"><a href="#Pod-to-Pod-TCP-x2F-UDP" class="headerlink" title="Pod to Pod TCP/UDP"></a>Pod to Pod TCP/UDP</h2><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>CNI\Performance</th>
<th>TCP (Mbit/s)</th>
<th>UDP (Mbit/s)</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td>Antrea</td>
<td>1392</td>
<td>742</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Calico</td>
<td>9786</td>
<td>4877</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cilium</td>
<td>1657</td>
<td>869</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>WeaveNet</td>
<td>1384</td>
<td>432</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>這邊可以觀察到</p>
<ol>
<li>TCP 的效能遠勝於 UDP</li>
<li>使用 wireguard 的效能完全輾壓 IPSec 技術的其他 CNI</li>
<li>三個都使用 IPSec 的 CNI，其中 WeaveNet 效能是其中最差的，而 Cilium 則是效能最好的</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="資源效能評比-TCP-x2F-UDP"><a href="#資源效能評比-TCP-x2F-UDP" class="headerlink" title="資源效能評比 TCP/UDP"></a>資源效能評比 TCP/UDP</h2><h3 id="TCP-3"><a href="#TCP-3" class="headerlink" title="TCP"></a>TCP</h3><p>接下來觀察一下這個實驗中，不同 CNI 的資源消耗量，原文中是用 CPU(%) 以及 Memory (MB) 來畫圖，我則是將這些數字用幾個等級來區分，<code>數字愈低代表使用量愈低</code></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>CNI\資源類型</th>
<th>CPU</th>
<th>Memory</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td>Antrea</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Calico</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cilium</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>WeaveNet</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>從上面的結論觀察，跟 <code>閒置</code> 比較起來比較有一些變化</p>
<ol>
<li>Calico 使用的資源最多</li>
<li>剩下三者差不多</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="UDP-3"><a href="#UDP-3" class="headerlink" title="UDP"></a>UDP</h3><p>接下來觀察一下這個實驗中，不同 CNI 的資源消耗量，原文中是用 CPU(%) 以及 Memory (MB) 來畫圖，我則是將這些數字用幾個等級來區分，<code>數字愈低代表使用量愈低</code></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>CNI\資源類型</th>
<th>CPU</th>
<th>Memory</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td>Antrea</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Calico</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cilium</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>WeaveNet</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>從上面的結論觀察，跟 <code>閒置</code> 比較起來比較有一些變化</p>
<ol>
<li>Calico 使用的資源最多</li>
<li>剩下三者差不多</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="Pod-to-Service-TCP-x2F-UDP"><a href="#Pod-to-Service-TCP-x2F-UDP" class="headerlink" title="Pod to Service TCP/UDP"></a>Pod to Service TCP/UDP</h2><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>CNI\Performance</th>
<th>TCP (Mbit/s)</th>
<th>UDP (Mbit/s)</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td>Antrea</td>
<td>1390</td>
<td>735</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Calico</td>
<td>9808</td>
<td>4872</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cilium</td>
<td>1661</td>
<td>866</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>WeaveNet</td>
<td>1381</td>
<td>451</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>這邊可以觀察到其結果與 Pod-to-Pod 是差不多的，因此結論完全一致</p>
<ol>
<li>TCP 的效能遠勝於 UDP</li>
<li>使用 wireguard 的效能完全輾壓 IPSec 技術的其他 CNI</li>
<li>三個都使用 IPSec 的 CNI，其中 WeaveNet 效能是其中最差的，而 Cilium 則是效能最好的</li>
</ol>
<h1 id="總結"><a href="#總結" class="headerlink" title="總結"></a>總結</h1><p>根據上述的全部來源，我們可以繪製數張總結表格，效能的部分採用相對比較，對原始數字有興趣的可以參考其公開的 Github 專案。</p>
<p>評比標準: <code>好>普通>不好</code></p>
<h2 id="MTU-x2F-加密效果"><a href="#MTU-x2F-加密效果" class="headerlink" title="MTU/加密效果"></a>MTU/加密效果</h2><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>—</th>
<th>MTU設定</th>
<th>Network Policy(往內)</th>
<th>Network Policy(往外)</th>
<th>加密設定</th>
<th>加密後傳輸效能</th>
<th>加密資源消耗量</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td>Antrea</td>
<td>自動偵測</td>
<td>支援</td>
<td>支援</td>
<td>支援(部署時設定)</td>