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README.md

VS Code调试Linux内核环境

Ubuntu 20.04 Linux主机/虚拟机或WSL环境下使用说明

在Linux终端命令行上执行如下：

```
git clone https://gitee.com/mengning997/linuxkernel.git
cd linuxkernel/kerneldebuging
sudo ./auto-tasks.sh
# 执行如下命令会弹出QEMU窗口运行Linux内核+Alpine mini rootfs系统
qemu-system-x86_64 -kernel linux-5.4.34/arch/x86/boot/bzImage -initrd rootfs.img
# 纯命令行下启动虚拟机
qemu-system-x86_64 -kernel linux-5.4.34/arch/x86/boot/bzImage -initrd rootfs.img -nographic -append "console=ttyS0"
...
[    2.650661] Write protecting the kernel read-only data: 20480k
[    2.653933] Freeing unused kernel image memory: 2004K
[    2.655225] Freeing unused kernel image memory: 860K
[    2.655516] Run /init as init process
            --------------------               
                                                
            Wellcome MengningOS!               
                                                
            --------------------               
/home #
```

在Dev Container容器环境下使用说明

  1. Windows下安装 Docker Desktop

  2. 自主安装 Git 、VS Code, 并在 VS Code 中安装 Dev Container 插件。

  3. 克隆本仓库，在VS Code中打开项目，然后点击左下角远程开发，选择在容器中重新打开；最后在Terminal中执行：

    cd ~
git clone https://gitee.com/mengning997/linuxkernel.git # 注意：如果要编译Linux内核一定要在Linux文件系统环境下，克隆到Windows文件系统下编译过程中会有问题！
cd linuxkernel/kerneldebuging
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y global build-essential qemu qemu-system-x86 libncurses5-dev bison flex libssl-dev libelf-dev git wget bc cpio python gdb
make
...
[    2.650661] Write protecting the kernel read-only data: 20480k
[    2.653933] Freeing unused kernel image memory: 2004K
[    2.655225] Freeing unused kernel image memory: 860K
[    2.655516] Run /init as init process
            --------------------               
                                                
            Wellcome MengningOS!               
                                                
            --------------------               
/home #

调试Linux内核

  1. 为了调试重新配置内核选项。

    make defconfig # Default configuration is based on 'x86_64_defconfig'
make menuconfig
# 打开debug相关选项
Kernel hacking  --->
    Compile-time checks and compiler options  --->
        [*] Compile the kernel with debug info
        [*]   Provide GDB scripts for kernel debugging
 [*] Kernel debugging
# 关闭KASLR，否则会导致打断点失败
Processor type and features ---->
    [] Randomize the address of the kernel image (KASLR)

  2. 重新编译内核。

    make -j$(nproc)

  3. VS Code调试内核

todo: .vscode/launch.json中的preLaunchTask一直处于启动过程中，似乎没有调用起来gdb？

  • 手工启动Terminal -> Run task... 选择"run MengningOS as Debug mode"
  • 然后F5启动调试
  1. 命令行模式调试内核

  • 启动内核命令

    qemu-system-x86_64 -kernel linux-5.4.34/arch/x86/boot/bzImage -initrd rootfs.img -S -s
# 纯命令行下启动虚拟机
qemu-system-x86_64 -kernel linux-5.4.34/arch/x86/boot/bzImage -initrd rootfs.img -S -s -nographic -append "console=ttyS0"

  • 启动gdb

    gdb linux-5.4.34/vmlinux
(gdb) target remote:1234
(gdb) b start_kernel
(gdb) c、bt、list、next、step....

参考