Add C API function that returns all parameter names with their aliases

[StrikerRUS]

Refer to #2594 (comment).

C API function which returns all param names with their aliases? For example, it can be a string format like param1:param1_alias1,param1_alias2;param2:param2_alias1;param3;param4:...
It will allow to deduplicate aliases handling code in language wrappers and create param aliases handling mechanism by simple string parsing got from C API.

it could be done by the config code automatically generating.
As for the objective and metric, we may need to add them manually.

[StrikerRUS]

Closed in favor of being in #2302. We decided to keep all feature requests in one place.

Welcome to contribute this feature! Please re-open this issue (or post a comment if you are not a topic starter) if you are actively working on implementing this feature.

[github-actions]

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