diff --git a/compiler/rustc_session/src/config.rs b/compiler/rustc_session/src/config.rs
index 55576b4e0d19d..38aebc81cd6b8 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_session/src/config.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_session/src/config.rs
@@ -2459,6 +2459,11 @@ pub fn build_session_options(matches: &getopts::Matches) -> Options {
 
     let pretty = parse_pretty(&unstable_opts, error_format);
 
+    // query-dep-graph is required if dump-dep-graph is given #106736
+    if unstable_opts.dump_dep_graph && !unstable_opts.query_dep_graph {
+        early_error(error_format, "can't dump dependency graph without `-Z query-dep-graph`");
+    }
+
     // Try to find a directory containing the Rust `src`, for more details see
     // the doc comment on the `real_rust_source_base_dir` field.
     let tmp_buf;
diff --git a/tests/ui/dep-graph/dep-graph-dump.rs b/tests/ui/dep-graph/dep-graph-dump.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..cbc4def0e03aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/ui/dep-graph/dep-graph-dump.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+// Test dump-dep-graph requires query-dep-graph enabled
+
+// incremental
+// compile-flags: -Z dump-dep-graph
+
+fn main() {}
diff --git a/tests/ui/dep-graph/dep-graph-dump.stderr b/tests/ui/dep-graph/dep-graph-dump.stderr
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..ea44b8bb07509
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/ui/dep-graph/dep-graph-dump.stderr
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+error: can't dump dependency graph without `-Z query-dep-graph`
+