Add TransformerLayer, TransformerBlock, C3TR modules (ultralytics#2333)

* yolotr

* transformer block

* Remove bias in Transformer

* Remove C3T

* Remove a deprecated class

* put the 2nd LayerNorm into the 2nd residual block

* move example model to models/hub, rename to -transformer

* Add module comments and TODOs

* Remove LN in Transformer

* Add comments for Transformer

* Solve the problem of MA with DDP

* cleanup

* cleanup find_unused_parameters

* PEP8 reformat

Co-authored-by: DingYiwei <846414640@qq.com>
Co-authored-by: Glenn Jocher <glenn.jocher@ultralytics.com>
(cherry picked from commit 1148e2e)

models/common.py

@@ -43,6 +43,52 @@ def fuseforward(self, x):
         return self.act(self.conv(x))
 
 
+class TransformerLayer(nn.Module):
+    # Transformer layer https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.11929 (LayerNorm layers removed for better performance)
+    def __init__(self, c, num_heads):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.q = nn.Linear(c, c, bias=False)
+        self.k = nn.Linear(c, c, bias=False)
+        self.v = nn.Linear(c, c, bias=False)
+        self.ma = nn.MultiheadAttention(embed_dim=c, num_heads=num_heads)
+        self.fc1 = nn.Linear(c, c, bias=False)
+        self.fc2 = nn.Linear(c, c, bias=False)
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        x = self.ma(self.q(x), self.k(x), self.v(x))[0] + x
+        x = self.fc2(self.fc1(x)) + x
+        return x
+
+
+class TransformerBlock(nn.Module):
+    # Vision Transformer https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.11929
+    def __init__(self, c1, c2, num_heads, num_layers):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.conv = None
+        if c1 != c2:
+            self.conv = Conv(c1, c2)
+        self.linear = nn.Linear(c2, c2)  # learnable position embedding
+        self.tr = nn.Sequential(*[TransformerLayer(c2, num_heads) for _ in range(num_layers)])
+        self.c2 = c2
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        if self.conv is not None:
+            x = self.conv(x)
+        b, _, w, h = x.shape
+        p = x.flatten(2)
+        p = p.unsqueeze(0)
+        p = p.transpose(0, 3)
+        p = p.squeeze(3)
+        e = self.linear(p)
+        x = p + e
+
+        x = self.tr(x)
+        x = x.unsqueeze(3)
+        x = x.transpose(0, 3)
+        x = x.reshape(b, self.c2, w, h)
+        return x
+
+
 class Bottleneck(nn.Module):
     # Standard bottleneck
     def __init__(self, c1, c2, shortcut=True, g=1, e=0.5):  # ch_in, ch_out, shortcut, groups, expansion
@@ -90,6 +136,14 @@ def forward(self, x):
         return self.cv3(torch.cat((self.m(self.cv1(x)), self.cv2(x)), dim=1))
 
 
+class C3TR(C3):
+    # C3 module with TransformerBlock()
+    def __init__(self, c1, c2, n=1, shortcut=True, g=1, e=0.5):
+        super().__init__(c1, c2, n, shortcut, g, e)
+        c_ = int(c2 * e)
+        self.m = TransformerBlock(c_, c_, 4, n)
+
+
 class SPP(nn.Module):
     # Spatial pyramid pooling layer used in YOLOv3-SPP
     def __init__(self, c1, c2, k=(5, 9, 13)):

models/hub/yolov5s-transformer.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+# parameters
+nc: 80  # number of classes
+depth_multiple: 0.33  # model depth multiple
+width_multiple: 0.50  # layer channel multiple
+
+# anchors
+anchors:
+  - [10,13, 16,30, 33,23]  # P3/8
+  - [30,61, 62,45, 59,119]  # P4/16
+  - [116,90, 156,198, 373,326]  # P5/32
+
+# YOLOv5 backbone
+backbone:
+  # [from, number, module, args]
+  [[-1, 1, Focus, [64, 3]],  # 0-P1/2
+   [-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 2]],  # 1-P2/4
+   [-1, 3, C3, [128]],
+   [-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 2]],  # 3-P3/8
+   [-1, 9, C3, [256]],
+   [-1, 1, Conv, [512, 3, 2]],  # 5-P4/16
+   [-1, 9, C3, [512]],
+   [-1, 1, Conv, [1024, 3, 2]],  # 7-P5/32
+   [-1, 1, SPP, [1024, [5, 9, 13]]],
+   [-1, 3, C3TR, [1024, False]],  # 9  <-------- C3TR() Transformer module
+  ]
+
+# YOLOv5 head
+head:
+  [[-1, 1, Conv, [512, 1, 1]],
+   [-1, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, 'nearest']],
+   [[-1, 6], 1, Concat, [1]],  # cat backbone P4
+   [-1, 3, C3, [512, False]],  # 13
+
+   [-1, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1]],
+   [-1, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, 'nearest']],
+   [[-1, 4], 1, Concat, [1]],  # cat backbone P3
+   [-1, 3, C3, [256, False]],  # 17 (P3/8-small)
+
+   [-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 2]],
+   [[-1, 14], 1, Concat, [1]],  # cat head P4
+   [-1, 3, C3, [512, False]],  # 20 (P4/16-medium)
+
+   [-1, 1, Conv, [512, 3, 2]],
+   [[-1, 10], 1, Concat, [1]],  # cat head P5
+   [-1, 3, C3, [1024, False]],  # 23 (P5/32-large)
+
+   [[17, 20, 23], 1, Detect, [nc, anchors]],  # Detect(P3, P4, P5)
+  ]

models/yolo.py

@@ -215,13 +215,13 @@ def parse_model(d, ch):  # model_dict, input_channels(3)
 
         n = max(round(n * gd), 1) if n > 1 else n  # depth gain
         if m in [Conv, GhostConv, Bottleneck, GhostBottleneck, SPP, DWConv, MixConv2d, Focus, CrossConv, BottleneckCSP,
-                 C3]:
+                 C3, C3TR]:
             c1, c2 = ch[f], args[0]
             if c2 != no:  # if not output
                 c2 = make_divisible(c2 * gw, 8)
 
             args = [c1, c2, *args[1:]]
-            if m in [BottleneckCSP, C3]:
+            if m in [BottleneckCSP, C3, C3TR]:
                 args.insert(2, n)  # number of repeats
                 n = 1
         elif m is nn.BatchNorm2d:

train.py

@@ -230,7 +230,9 @@ def train(hyp, opt, device, tb_writer=None):
 
     # DDP mode
     if cuda and rank != -1:
-        model = DDP(model, device_ids=[opt.local_rank], output_device=opt.local_rank)
+        model = DDP(model, device_ids=[opt.local_rank], output_device=opt.local_rank,
+                    # nn.MultiheadAttention incompatibility with DDP https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/issues/26698
+                    find_unused_parameters=any(isinstance(layer, nn.MultiheadAttention) for layer in model.modules()))
 
     # Model parameters
     hyp['box'] *= 3. / nl  # scale to layers