fix: executeOperation passes the debug option (#4948)

Fix the ApolloServerBase.executeOperation to pass the debug option in
the request context.
This change resolves an issue with `apollo-server-testing` that does not
return stacktraces with debug option enabled.
Add 2 unit tests with and without the debug option.

fixes #4107

Co-authored-by: David Glasser <glasser@apollographql.com>

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ The version headers in this history reflect the versions of Apollo Server itself
 
 > The changes noted within this `vNEXT` section have not been released yet.  New PRs and commits which introduce changes should include an entry in this `vNEXT` section as part of their development.  With few exceptions, the format of the entry should follow convention (i.e., prefix with package name, use markdown `backtick formatting` for package names and code, suffix with a link to the change-set à la `[PR #YYY](https://link/pull/YYY)`, etc.).  When a release is being prepared, a new header will be (manually) created below and the appropriate changes within that release will be moved into the new section.
 
+- The `debug` option to `new ApolloServer` (which adds stack traces to errors) now affects errors that come from requests executed with `server.executeOperation` (and its wrapper `apollo-server-testing`), instead of just errors that come from requests executed over HTTP. [Issue #4107](https://github.com/apollographql/apollo-server/issues/4107) [PR #4948](https://github.com/apollographql/apollo-server/pull/4948)
+
 ## v2.21.0
 
 - Apollo Server can now be installed with `graphql@15` without causing peer dependency errors or warnings. (Apollo Server has a [file upload](https://www.apollographql.com/docs/apollo-server/data/file-uploads/) feature which was implemented as a wrapper around the `graphql-upload` package. We have been unable to upgrade our dependency on that package due to backwards-incompatible changes in later versions, and the version we were stuck on did not allow `graphql@15` as a peer dependency. We have now switched to a fork of that old version called `@apollographql/graphql-upload-8-fork` that allows `graphql@15`.) Also bump the `graphql-tools` dependency from 4.0.0 to 4.0.8 for `graphql@15` support. [Issue #4865](https://github.com/apollographql/apollo-server/issues/4865)

packages/apollo-server-core/src/ApolloServer.ts

@@ -1015,6 +1015,7 @@ export class ApolloServerBase {
           headers: new Headers(),
         },
       },
+      debug: options.debug,
     };
 
     return processGraphQLRequest(options, requestCtx);

packages/apollo-server-core/src/__tests__/ApolloServerBase.test.ts

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import { Logger } from 'apollo-server-types';
 const typeDefs = gql`
   type Query {
     hello: String
+    error: Boolean
   }
 `;
 
@@ -14,6 +15,9 @@ const resolvers = {
     hello() {
       return 'world';
     },
+    error() {
+      throw new Error('A test error');
+    },
   },
 };
 
@@ -97,6 +101,36 @@ describe('ApolloServerBase construction', () => {
   });
 });
 
+describe('ApolloServerBase executeOperation', () => {
+  it('returns error information without details by default', async () => {
+    const server = new ApolloServerBase({
+      typeDefs,
+      resolvers,
+    });
+
+    const result = await server.executeOperation({ query: 'query { error }' });
+
+    expect(result.errors).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(result.errors?.[0].extensions).toStrictEqual({
+      code: 'INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR',
+    });
+  });
+
+  it('returns error information with details when debug is enabled', async () => {
+    const server = new ApolloServerBase({
+      typeDefs,
+      resolvers,
+      debug: true,
+    });
+
+    const result = await server.executeOperation({ query: 'query { error }' });
+
+    expect(result.errors).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(result.errors?.[0].extensions?.code).toBe('INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR');
+    expect(result.errors?.[0].extensions?.exception?.stacktrace).toBeDefined();
+  });
+});
+
 describe('environment variables', () => {
   const OLD_ENV = process.env;