[docs] Cherrypick latest docs for docs/oss-materials/ (#35953)

These are all the changes to the open-source Mojo docs intended for the
release with 24.2.

---------

Co-authored-by: Joe Loser <joe@modular.com>
Co-authored-by: Jack Clayton <jack@modular.com>
Co-authored-by: ematejska <ewa@modular.com>
Co-authored-by: Arthur Evans <arthur@modular.com>

modular-orig-commit: 64924205cdb683fe2083a5814bc3455047739e4f

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Mojo Contributor Guide
+# Mojo contributor guide
 
 Welcome to the Mojo community! 🔥 We’re very excited that you’re interested in
 contributing to the project. To help you get started and ensure a smooth
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ There are many ways to contribute to the project, from joining the
 [Discord community](https://www.discord.gg/modular), to filing bugs, to
 contributing documentation, examples, or code.
 
-## Submitting Bugs
+## Submitting bugs
 
 Reporting issues is a great way to contribute to the project. Mojo uses GitHub
 Issues for tracking bugs.
@@ -21,25 +21,25 @@ Also, before opening a new issue, take a moment to search through the already
 submitted issues to avoid creating duplicate issues for the maintainers to
 address.
 
-### Writing High-Quality Bugs
+### Writing high-quality bugs
 
 We encourage you to provide as much information about the issue as practical.
 The more details you provide, the faster we can resolve the issue. The following
 is a template of the information that should accompany every submitted issue.
 
-#### Issue Template
+#### Issue template
 
 - **Summary.** A descriptive summary of the issue.
 - **Description.** A detailed account of the bug, including what was expected
   and what occurred.
-- **Environment Details.**
+- **Environment details.**
   - Mojo Compiler Version
   - Operating System version
   - Hardware Specifications
-- **Severity/Frequency.** An assessment of the impact ranging from inconvenience
+- **Severity/frequency.** An assessment of the impact ranging from inconvenience
   to a blocker.
 
-## Contributing to Docs and Examples
+## Contributing to docs and examples
 
 We’re happy to accept pull requests for the docs and examples.
 If your change is any one of the following, please create a pull request and we
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ require difficult reviews and rework, or that might get rejected.
 See [Pull Requests](#pull-requests) for information on creating your first pull
 request.
 
-## Contributing to the Standard Library
+## Contributing to the standard library
 
 The standard library team is dedicated to creating a vibrant technical community
 around the Mojo programming language. Our vision includes a diverse and
@@ -84,12 +84,12 @@ For more information on our priorities, see the following documents:
 For technical details on developing for the standard library, see the following
 documents:
 
-- [Developing the Standard Library](./stdlib/docs/development.md) covers building,
+- [Developing the standard library](./stdlib/docs/development.md) covers building,
   testing, and other information you’ll need to work in the standard library.
 - [Coding Standards and Style Guide](./stdlib/docs/style-guide.md) provides
   guidelines for writing code for the standard library.
 
-### Accepting Open Source PRs
+### Accepting open source PRs
 
 To ensure a streamlined process, contributors are encouraged to focus on
 enhancements, bug fixes, and optimizations aligned with the library's
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ This process is heavily inspired by the process used by several other
 open-source projects. We’ll add more documentation in the future as we gain
 experience with the process.
 
-## Pull Requests
+## Pull requests
 
 You can use a pull request to propose a change or bug fix to the Mojo Standard
 Library, Mojo examples, or Mojo documentation. This page gives an overview of
@@ -162,28 +162,122 @@ the process, especially for first-time contributors.
 **Note:** Pull requests should be submitted against the `nightly` branch,
 which represents the most recent nightly build.
 
-### Pull Request Process
+### Pull request process
 
-#### 1. First-time checklist
+#### First-time checklist
 
 Before you start your first pull request, please complete this checklist:
 
 - Read this entire contributor guide.
 - Read the [Code of Conduct](./CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md).
 
-#### 2. Evaluate and get buy-in on the change
+#### Evaluate and get buy-in on the change
 
 We want to be sure that you spend your time efficiently and prepare changes that
 aren’t controversial and get stuck in long rounds of reviews. See the sections
 on [Contributing to Docs and Examples](#contributing-to-docs-and-examples) and
-[Contributing to the Standard Library](#contributing-to-the-standard-library)
+[Contributing to the standard library](#contributing-to-the-standard-library)
 for more details.
 
-#### 3. Create a pull request
+#### Fork and clone the repo
+
+Go to the [Mojo repo](https://github.com/modularml/mojo) and click the fork
+button:
+
+![Create Fork](./images/create-fork.png)
+
+Clone your forked repo locally with the command:
+
+```bash
+git clone git@github.com:[your-username]/mojo.git
+cd mojo
+```
+
+Add the upstream remote and fetch it:
+
+```bash
+git remote add upstream git@github.com:modularml/mojo.git
+git fetch upstream
+```
+
+#### Branching off nightly
+
+Make sure to branch off `nightly` to work on your PR:
+
+```bash
+git checkout upstream/nightly
+git checkout -b my-fix-pr
+```
+
+You should periodically make sure you've synced the latest changes, especially
+before raising a PR:
+
+```bash
+git fetch upstream
+git rebase upstream/nightly
+```
+
+#### Getting the nightly Mojo compiler
+
+Now that you're on the nightly branch, you need to install the latest nightly
+Mojo compiler:
+
+```bash
+curl https://get.modular.com | sh -
+
+modular auth
+
+modular install nightly/mojo
+```
+
+If you already have an older `nightly/mojo` compiler, replace
+`modular install nightly/mojo` with `modular update nightly/mojo`.
+
+Then, follow the instructions from the `modular` tool in adding the `mojo`
+compiler to your `PATH` such as:
+
+```bash
+echo export MODULAR_HOME="$HOME/.modular" >> ~/.zshrc
+echo 'export PATH="$HOME/.modular/pkg/packages.modular.com_nightly_mojo/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.zshrc
+source ~/.zshrc
+```
+
+If you're using bash, replace the three `~/.zshrc` above with `~/.bashrc`.
+
+#### Mojo nightly vscode extension
+
+Install the [Mojo nightly VS Code
+extension](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=modular-mojotools.vscode-mojo-nightly):
+
+<img src="./images/nightly-extension.png" width=350 />
+
+You can only have one Mojo extension enabled at a time, remember to switch back
+when using the stable release!
+
+#### Create a pull request
 
 If your change is one of the improvements described above or it has been
 discussed and agreed upon by the project maintainers, please create a pull
-request into the `nightly` branch and include the following:
+request into the `nightly` branch.
+
+First push your changes:
+
+```bash
+git push -u [your-username] my-fix-pr
+```
+
+You'll see a link to create a PR:
+
+```plaintext
+remote: Create a pull request for 'my-fix-pr' on GitHub by visiting:
+remote:      https://github.com/jackos/mojo/pull/new/my-fix-pr
+```
+
+Make sure you point it to the `nightly` branch:
+
+![Base Branch](images/base-branch.png)
+
+Now fill out the details:
 
 - A short commit title describing the change.
 - A detailed commit description that includes rationalization for the change
@@ -251,7 +345,7 @@ By making a contribution to this project, I certify that:
     this project or the open source license(s) involved.
 ```
 
-### Review Time SLA
+### Review time SLA
 
 The team commits to reviewing submitted pull requests within a week of
 submission.

README.md

@@ -9,18 +9,6 @@ and production by combining Python syntax and ecosystem with systems
 programming and metaprogramming features. Mojo is still young, but it is designed
 to become a superset of Python over time.
 
-To use Mojo, you can install the MAX SDK or the standalone Mojo SDK:
-
-- [Get the MAX SDK.](https://docs.modular.com/engine/get-started)
-- [Get the Mojo SDK.](https://docs.modular.com/mojo/manual/get-started/)
-
-Then follow the docs to [write your first Mojo
-program](https://https://docs.modular.com/mojo/manual/get-started/hello-world).
-When you want to report issues or request features, [please create a GitHub
-issue here](https://github.com/modularml/mojo/issues). See the [Mojo
-Contributor Guide](https://www.notion.so/f527254bc46b4cd3ba4b34bd949d4e57?pvs=21)
-for guidelines on filing good bugs.
-
 This repo includes source code for:
 
 - Mojo examples
@@ -30,30 +18,56 @@ This repo includes source code for:
 This repo has two primary branches:
 
 - The [`main`](https://github.com/modularml/mojo/tree/main) branch, which is in
-sync with the last released version of Mojo. Use the examples here if you’re
-using a release build of Mojo.
+sync with the last stable released version of Mojo. Use the examples here if you’re
+using a [release build of Mojo](#latest-released).
 
 - The [`nightly`](https://github.com/modularml/mojo/tree/nightly) branch, which
 is in sync with the Mojo nightly build and subject to breakage. Use this branch
-for [contributions](./CONTRIBUTING.md).
+for [contributions](./CONTRIBUTING.md), or if you're using the latest
+[nightly build of Mojo](#latest-nightly).
+
+To learn more about Mojo, see the
+[Mojo Manual](https://docs.modular.com/mojo/manual/).
+
+## Installing Mojo
+
+### Latest Released
+
+To install the last released build of Mojo, you can install the MAX SDK
+or the standalone Mojo SDK:
 
-This repo represents the Mojo open source effort. We are continuing to open
-parts of the Mojo codebase. The challenge is that we use Mojo pervasively
-inside Modular and we need to make sure that community contributions can
-proceed smoothly with good build and testing tools that will allow this repo to
-become the source of truth (right now it is not). We'll progressively improve
-the tools and add more source code over time.
+- [Get the MAX SDK](https://docs.modular.com/engine/get-started)
+- [Get the Mojo SDK](https://docs.modular.com/mojo/manual/get-started/)
 
-If you’d like to contribute to Mojo, please first read our [Contributor
+Then follow the docs to [write your first Mojo
+program](https://https://docs.modular.com/mojo/manual/get-started/hello-world).
+
+### Latest Nightly
+
+The nightly Mojo builds are subject to breakage and provide an inside
+view of how the development of Mojo is progressing.  Use at your own risk
+and be patient! Intall them using the instructions [here](./CONTRIBUTING.md).
+
+## Contributing
+
+When you want to report issues or request features, [please create a GitHub
+issue here](https://github.com/modularml/mojo/issues).
+See [here](./CONTRIBUTING.md) for guidelines on filing good bugs.
+
+We welcome contributions to this repo on the
+[`nightly`](https://github.com/modularml/mojo/tree/nightly)
+branch. If you’d like to contribute to Mojo, please first read our [Contributor
 Guide](https://github.com/modularml/mojo/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md).
 
 For more general questions or to chat with other Mojo developers, check out our
 [Discord](https://discord.gg/modular).
 
-To learn more about Mojo, see the
-[Mojo Manual](https://docs.modular.com/mojo/manual/).
+## License
+
+This repository is licensed under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions
+(see the LLVM [License](https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt)).
 
-## Thanks To Our Contributors
+## Thanks to our contributors
 
 <a href="https://github.com/modularml/mojo/graphs/contributors">
   <img src="https://contrib.rocks/image?repo=modularml/mojo" />

docs/oss-material/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Code of Conduct
+# Code of conduct
 
 In the interest of fostering an open and welcoming environment, we as
 contributors and maintainers pledge to make participation in our project and
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ body size, disability, ethnicity, gender identity and expression, level of
 experience, nationality, personal appearance, race, religion, or sexual
 identity and orientation.
 
-## Our Standards
+## Our standards
 
 All community forums and spaces are meant for professional interactions that
 are friendly, inclusive, helpful, and collaborative. Examples of behavior that
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ participants include:
 - Conduct which could reasonably be considered inappropriate for the forum in
   which it occurs.
 
-## Our Responsibilities
+## Our responsibilities
 
 Project maintainers are responsible for clarifying the standards of acceptable
 behavior and are expected to take appropriate and fair corrective action in

stdlib/README.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-# Welcome to the Mojo Standard Library
+# Welcome to the Mojo standard library
 
-This folder contains the open-source Mojo Standard Library! 🔥
+This folder contains the open-source Mojo standard library! 🔥
 
 We're thrilled to have you join our community of developers eager to build a
 vibrant and supportive ecosystem. If you just want to *use* the Mojo Standard
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ standalone Mojo SDK:
 - [Get the MAX SDK.](https://docs.modular.com/engine/get-started)
 - [Get the Mojo SDK.](https://docs.modular.com/mojo/manual/get-started/)
 
-## Vision and Roadmap
+## Vision and roadmap
 
 We have written down the principles that inform our decisions about what
 features we work on and what bugs we prioritize. Before you consider making
@@ -22,28 +22,28 @@ guide our development efforts.
 - Our [Roadmap](./docs/roadmap.md) identifies concrete development goals as we
 work towards an even more robust and feature-rich standard library.
 
-## Contributing to the Mojo Standard Library
+## Contributing to the Mojo standard library
 
 As a contributor, your efforts and expertise are invaluable in driving the
-evolution of the Mojo Standard Library. The [Mojo Contributor
-Guide](../CONTRIBUTING.md) provides all the information necessary to make
+evolution of the Mojo standard library. The [Mojo contributor
+guide](../CONTRIBUTING.md) provides all the information necessary to make
 meaningful contributions—from understanding the submission process to
 adhering to best practices:
 
-- [Mojo Contributor Guide](../CONTRIBUTING.md)
+- [Mojo contributor guide](../CONTRIBUTING.md)
 
-## Getting Started
+## Getting started
 
 Follow our provided documentation to prepare your environment for building the
 standard library, and then test your setup with our automated testing suite.
 For additional information, the FAQ page is your go-to resource.
 
-- [Mojo Standard Library Development](./docs/development.md)
+- [Mojo standard library development](./docs/development.md)
 - [FAQ](./docs/faq.md)
 
-## Code of Conduct
+## Code of conduct
 
-[Code of Conduct](../CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md)
+[Code of conduct](../CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md)
 
 ## License
 
@@ -55,5 +55,5 @@ See the license file in the repository for more details.
 
 For any inquiries, bug reports, or feature requests, please [open an
 issue](https://github.com/modularml/mojo/issues) on the GitHub repository. See
-the [Mojo Contributor Guide](../CONTRIBUTING.md) for guidelines on filing good
+the [Mojo contributor guide](../CONTRIBUTING.md) for guidelines on filing good
 bugs.