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helm charts to create a jambonz cluster in Kubernetes

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jambonz

jambonz is an open-source CPaaS (Communication Platform as a Service) specifically designed for Communication Service Providers.

To add this Helm chart repository to your Helm client:

helm repo add jambonz https://jambonz.github.io/helm-charts/

Having installed it, you can list its charts, of which there is just one:

$ helm search repo jambonz
NAME           	CHART VERSION	APP VERSION	DESCRIPTION
jambonz/jambonz	0.1.24       	0.8.1      	open source CPaaS for communication service pro...

Introduction

This chart bootstraps a jambonz deployment on a Kubernetes cluster using the Helm package manager.

Special requirements for the Kubernetes cluster

You will need to have at least one (two are recommended) special node pools created in the Kubernetes cluster where the SIP and RTP processing components of the jambonz SBC will run. The reason for this is that there are currently no Kubernetes ingress controllers that are capable of managing SIP traffic.

Two node pools are recommended so that the SIP processing can be handled in one, and RTP in the other. For a production cluster it is desirable to allow the RTP processing nodes to scale independently of the SIP processing, because if we are continually adding or removing SIP processing nodes we will need to be updating our carriers with those addresses as they are added or removed. Since the RTP processing is more computationally expensive than SIP, it is best to allow the RTP to scale independently, and this requires it to be in its own node pool.

Suffice it to say that two node pools are recommended to be created in addition to the default node pool, but this chart does allow you to deploy SIP and RTP elements into single node pool if desired.

SIP Node Pool configuration

Create the node pool for sip with the following labels and taints:

  • label: voip-environment=sip
  • taint: sip=true

Note: if you choose to use a different label or taint, update the associated global values in the values.yaml file accordingly

Associate a firewall rule with this node pool allowing traffic into instances in this node pool as follows:

  • 5060/udp
  • 5060/tcp
  • 5061/tls
  • 8443/tcp

RTP Node Pool configuration

Create the node pool for rtp with the following labels and taints:

  • label: voip-environment=rtp
  • taint: rtp=true

Note: as above, if you choose to use a different label or taint, update the associated global values in the values.yaml file accordingly

Associate a firewall rule with this node pool allowing traffic into instances in this node pool as follows:

  • 40000-60000/udp

Note: if you want to create a single additional node pool rather than two, update the global values in the values.yaml to reference the label and taint in the single node pool, and open all of the ports above.

Sub-charts

The database (redis+mysql) and monitoring (grafana+influxdb+telegraf+homer) components of jambonz are provided as sub-charts, which allow them to be installed as standalone charts if nececessary.

Namespaces

By default, since 0.1.26 of this helm chart, everything is installed into a single namespace. However, you can optionally install the components into three different namespaces if you like, e.g.:

  • db: for the database workloads
  • monitoring: for the monitoring workloads
  • jambonz: for the core jambonz call, media, and api processing.

If you don't want to install everything into a single namespace, then set the global.db.namespace and global.monitoring.namespace in values.yaml to the namespaces that you want to use for these sub-charts, and also set global.db.createNamespace and global.monitoring.createNamespace to true.

Installing the chart

Here is example of installing the main chart as well as the db and monitoring sub-charts into a single namespace named 'jambonz'. The FQDNs for the ingress controllers created for the web portal, the API, the grafana and homer portals are also provided on the command line.

The cloud provider where the Kubernetes cluster is running (google, in this case) is also provided as a command line argument. (This is needed to properly configure the drachtio SIP element)

 helm install --namespace=jambonz \
 --generate-name --create-namespace \
 --set "monitoring.grafana.hostname=grafana.example.com" \
 --set "monitoring.homer.hostname=homer.example.com" \
--set "webapp.hostname=portal.example.com" \
--set "api.hostname=api.example.com" \
--set cloud=gcp \
jambonz/jambonz

Note that all of the above command line values are required variables.

And here is an example of installing into 3 different namespaces:

helm install --namespace=jambonz \
--generate-name --create-namespace \
--set "global.db.createNamespace=true" \
--set "global.db.namespace=db" \
--set "global.monitoring.createNamespace=true" \
--set "global.monitoring.namespace=monitoring" \
--set "monitoring.grafana.hostname=grafana.example.com" \
--set "monitoring.homer.hostname=homer.example.com" \
--set "webapp.hostname=portal.example.com" \
--set "api.hostname=api.example.com" \
--set cloud=gcp \
jambonz/jambonz

Once you have installed the helm chart for the first, it will take a bit for all components to be downloaded, installed and transition to the running state. This is because the mysql database schema will be created and seeded with initial data, any many of the Pods will wait for the database to become available (via an initContainer) before starting their containers.

Once the system is up and running, you will want to query the 4 ingress controllers to view the the IP addresses that have been assigned.

$ kubectl -n jambonz get ingress
NAME         CLASS    HOSTS                ADDRESS          PORTS   AGE
api-server   <none>   api.example.com      34.117.50.187    80      6m3s
webapp       <none>   portal.example.com   34.102.246.186   80      6m3s

$ kubectl -n monitoring  get ingress
NAME           CLASS    HOSTS                 ADDRESS         PORTS   AGE
grafana        <none>   grafana.example.com   35.201.68.117   80      6m10s
homer-webapp   <none>   homer.example.com     35.241.2.62     80      6m10s

Once you have done this you will want to create associated the DNS records in your DNS provider so that you can access these portals.

Jaeger (opentelemetry)

By default, open telemetry spans are stored in cassandra and jaeger-collector and jaeger-query are used to save and retrieve the spans, respectively. If you prefer to run a simpler jaeger-all-in-one deployment with spans stored in memory, set global.cassandra.enabled to false. Please note that if you do so historical spans will be lost every time you restart jaeger.

Using Kong API Gateway

Run:

helm repo add kong https://charts.konghq.com
helm install kong kong/kong -n <namespace> --set ingressController.installCRDs=false

Check pod status, and make sure the kong-kong-{ID} pod is running:

kubectl get pods -n <namespace> | grep kong

Update values.yaml

  kong:
    enabled: true
    useHostnames: true 

Set enabled to true to use Kong.

useHostnames set to true will use the hostnames already created for the different services. Either create a wildcard for your hostnames

useHostnames set to false will us the Kong IP address with prefixes.

<IP>/api
<IP>/webapp
<IP>/grafana
<IP>/homer

Enable Call Recording

There are two ways to record calls, and they can be simultaneously enabled or disabled.

  • From the portal, you can enable call recordings and listen to the recordings. Recordings are saved to an AWS S3 bucket and this must be enabled at the account level for every account that wishes to record calls. You may record all calls for the account, or only record calls for specified applications. This is intended to be a user-facing record option where the user is providing their own AWS S3 bucket and credentials for storage.
  • You can use rtpengine to globally record all calls handled by the system.

Call recording in the portal

By default, call recording in the portal is enabled. To disable it, set webapp.disableRecording to true.

rtpengine recording

To enable the recording of calls, we need an image of jambonz/rtpengine with the libpcap-dev package installed.

Generate a new image

If none is available, then create one with a Dockerfile like so:

FROM jambonz/rtpengine:0.1.3 as base

RUN touch /var/lib/dpkg/status
RUN mkdir /var/lib/dpkg/updates
RUN mkdir /var/lib/dpkg/info
RUN apt-get update
RUN apt-get --assume-yes install libpcap-dev

Configurations

The following parameters are available to configure:

Name Description Default Value
global.recordings.enabled Enable the recordings on rtpengine false
rtpengine.recordings.pvc PVC for the recordings recordings-shared-volume
rtpengine.recordings.dir Mounted Directory in the pod for storing the recordings /recordings
rtpengine.recordings.method Method for recording pcap

Update values.yaml and set global.recordings.enabled to true to use the recordings. Ensure that the PVC is in the same namespace as the jambonz-sbc-rtp (defaults to jambonz).

global:
  recordings:
    enabled: true

rtpengine:
  image: # change the image of rtpengine to use one with the libpcap-dev package

Uninstalling the chart

helm uninstall -n <namespace> <release-name>

Parameters

Global parameters

Name Description Value
dbNamespace namespace where db components will be installed; if not provided these components will be installed into the Release namespace ""
monitoringNamespace namespace where monitoring components will be installed; if not provided these components will be installed into the Release namespace ""

Other parameters

Name Description Value
db.enabled if true, install the db sub-chart true
db.affinity set the affinity structure for the db subchart resources
db.storageClassName set the storageClassName for the db subchart StatefulSet resources
db.mysql.nodeSelector.label optional Node Selector Label for mysql and db-create
db.mysql.nodeSelector.value optional Node Selector Value for mysql and db-create
db.redis.nodeSelector.label optional Node Selector Label for redis
db.redis.nodeSelector.value optional Node Selector Value for redis
monitoring.enabled if true, install the monitoring sub-chart true
monitoring.affinity set the affinity structure for the monitoring subchart resources
monitoring.storageClassName set the storageClassName for the monitoring subchart StatefulSet resources
global.affinity set the affinity structure for the base chart resources
global.recordings.enabled Enable call audio recordings on SBC-RTP false
cloud (required) name of cloud provider, must be one of azure, aws, digitalocean, gcp, or none ""
jambonz.clusterId a short identifier for the cluster ""
sbc.sip.nodeSelector.label label name used to select sip node pool "voip-environment"
sbc.sip.nodeSelector.value label value used to select sip node pool "sip"
sbc.sip.toleration taint assigned to sip node pool "sip"
sbc.rtp.nodeSelector.label label name used to select sip node pool "voip-environment"
sbc.rtp.nodeSelector.value label value used to select sip node pool "rtp"
sbc.rtp.toleration taint assigned to sip node pool "rtp"
sbc.rtp.storageClassName set the storageClassName for the SBC-RTP StatefulSet
sbc.rtp.serviceAccountName service account name to be used ""
sbc.rtp.extraInitContainers list of initContainers to add to the sbc-rtp definition of initContainers
sbc.rtp.extraContainers list of sidecars to add to the sbc-rtp definition of containers
sbc.rtp.extraVolumes list of volumes to add to the sbc-rtp definition of volumes
sbc.rtp.statefulset.enabled use a StatefulSet instead of DaemonSet for the sbc-rtp false
sbc.rtp.statefulset.replicas number of replicas for the StatefulSet 1
sbcCallRouter.nodeSelector.label optional Node Selector Label for sbc-call-router
sbcCallRouter.nodeSelector.value optional Node Selector Value for sbc-call-router
sbcInbound.nodeSelector.label optional Node Selector Label for sbc-inbound
sbcInbound.nodeSelector.value optional Node Selector Value for sbc-inbound
sbcOutbound.nodeSelector.label optional Node Selector Label for sbc-outbound
sbcOutbound.nodeSelector.value optional Node Selector Value for sbc-outbound
stats.enabled if set, jambonz apps write stats to telegraf "1"
stats.host telegraf service name "telegraf"
stats.port telegraf service listening port "8125"
stats.protocol stats protocol "tcp"
stats.sampleRate stats sample rate "1"
rtpengine.image image for rtpengine rtp media proxy jambonz/rtpengine:latest
rtpengine.imagePullPolicy rtpengine image pull policy "Always"
rtpengine.sidecarImage image for rtpengine sidecar container jambonz/rtpengine-sidecar:latest
rtpengine.sidecarImagePullPolicy rtpengine sidecar image pull policy "Always"
rtpengine.dtmfLogPort udp port that rtpengine sends dtmf events to "22223"
rtpengine.logLevel rtpengine log level (1-7) "5"
rtpengine.homerId id to apply to HEP traffic sent to homer from rtpengine "11"
rtpengine.recordings.pvc PVC for the recordings recordings-shared-volume
rtpengine.recordings.dir Mounted Directory in the pod for storing the recordings /recordings
rtpengine.recordings.method Method for recording pcap
rtpengine.recordings.storage Amount of storage for the recordings volume 10Gi
drachtio.image drachtio image drachtio/drachtio-server:latest
drachtio.imagePullPolicy drachtio image pull policy "Always"
drachtio.host host of drachtio server "127.0.0.1"
drachtio.port port to connect to drachtio server "9022"
drachtio.homerId id to apply to HEP traffic sent to homer from drachtio "10"
freeswitch.image freeswitch image drachtio/drachtio-freeswitch-mrf:latest
freeswitch.imagePullPolicy freeswitch image pull policy "Always"
mysql.image mysql image mysql:5.7
mysql.host mysql service name "mysql"
mysql.database jambonz database "jambones"
mysql.user mysql user "jambones"
mysql.storage amount of storage to allocate for mysql database "10Gi"
mysql.rootSecret if set, use it for the root password
monitoring.postgres.user postgres user as base64 "cm9vdA=="
monitoring.postgres.secret postgres password as base64 "aG9tZXJTZXZlbg=="
redis.image redis image redis:alpine
redis.host redis service name "redis"
redis.port redis listening port "6379"
api.image jambonz-api-server image jambonz/jambonz-api-server:latest
api.imagePullPolicy jambonz-api-server image pull policy "Always"
api.httpPort http port to listen on "3000"
api.hostname (required) FQDN for api ingress controller ""
api.nodeSelector.label optional Node Selector Label for api-server
api.nodeSelector.value optional Node Selector Value for api-server
apiban.nodeSelector.label optional Node Selector Label for apiban
apiban.nodeSelector.value optional Node Selector Value for apiban
webapp.image jambonz webapp image jambonz/webapp:latest
webapp.imagePullPolicy jambonz webapp image pull policy "Always"
webapp.hostname (required ) FQDN for webapp ingress controller ""
webapp.nodeSelector.label optional Node Selector Label for webapp
webapp.nodeSelector.value optional Node Selector Value for webapp
sbcInbound.image sbc-inbound image jambonz/sbc-inbound:latest
sbcInbound.imagePullPolicy sbc-inbound image pull policy "Always"
sbcOutbound.drachtioPort port to listen on for outbound connections from drachtio "4000"
sbcOutbound.image sbc-outbound image jambonz/sbc-outbound:latest
sbcOutbound.imagePullPolicy sbc-outbound image pull policy "Always"
sbcOutbound.drachtioPort port to listen on for outbound connections from drachtio "4000"
sbcSipSidecar.image sbc-sip-sidecar image jambonz/sbc-sip-sidecar:latest
sbcSipSidecar.imagePullPolicy sbc-sip-sidecar image pull policy "Always"
sbcCallRouter.image sbc-call-router image jambonz/sbc-call-router:latest
sbcCallRouter.imagePullPolicy sbc-call-router image pull policy "Always"
sbcCallRouter.drachtioPort port to listen on for http connections from drachtio "3000"
featureServer.image feature-server image jambonz/feature-server:latest
featureServer.imagePullPolicy feature-server image pull policy "Always"
featureServer.httpPort port to listen on for api requests "3000"
featureServer.nodeSelector.label optional Node Selector Label for feature-server
featureServer.nodeSelector.value optional Node Selector Value for feature-server
featureServer.drachtio.loglevel drachtio loglevel for drachtio container in feature-server deployment, should be info or debug (can also be notice, warning, error) "info"
featureServer.drachtio.sofiaLoglevel sofia-sip log level for drachtio container in feature-server deployment, should be 1-9 (can also be 0) "3"
feature.drachtioConnection drachtio connection information "localhost:9022:cymru"
feature.freeswitchConnection freeswitch connection information "localhost:8021:JambonzR0ck$"
sbcSip.loglevel drachtio loglevel in sbc sip container, should be info or debug (can also be notice, warning, error) "info"
sbcSip.sofiaLogLevel sofia-sip log level for drachtio in sbc sip container, should be 1-9 (can also be 0) "3
dbWaiter.image image of sidecar mysql client app to use for testing database readiness d3fk/kubectl:v1.18

Configuring jambonz to use sip over websockets

Prerequisites

You need to have an Certificate Issuer installed on your kubernetes cluster. If you don't, you can install cert-manager which allows you to obtain and renew automatically valid Let's Encrypt certificates.

Request Certificate

To obtain certificates, you just need to create resources of type Certificate in the namespace of your choice

    apiVersion: cert-manager.io/v1
    kind: Certificate
    metadata:
      name: drachtio-certificate
      namespace: jambonz
    spec:
      # Secret names are always required.
      secretName: drachtio-certs
      duration: 2160h # 90d
      renewBefore: 360h # 15d
      usages:
        - server auth
        - client auth
      # At least one of a DNS Name, URI, or IP address is required.
      dnsNames:
        - example.com # Change this with your domain name
        - www.example.com # Change this with your domain name
      issuerRef:
        name: ca-issuer # name of your issuer as defined at step 1
        kind: Issuer #or ClusterIssuer

As soon as you apply this CRD, you will have a new CertificateRequest created and a secret (drachtio-certs) created in jambonz namespace.

Use your certs

To use the created certificates on drachtio server, set the config sbc.sip.ssl.enabled to true:

sbc:
  sip:
    ssl:
      enabled: true

This will cause drachtio to add a listener for sip over wss on port 8443 and use the provided TLS certificate and key to authenticate requests.

Note: you must be running drachtio server version 0.8.17-rc1 or later for support of the WSS_SIP env variable.

Multi-Zone

A multi-zone deployment of jambonz is possible, but some changes need to be made in order to support that.

Change the default Storage Class

If your default Storage Class doesn't support a multi-zone claim by default (like it doesn't have the volumeBindingMode: WaitForFirstConsumer property), or you need to change it to other one, set the storageClassName value accordingly:

db:
  storageClassName: "regional-storage-class"

monitoring:
  storageClassName: "another-regional-storage-class"

Affinity

The Affinity is a kubernetes feature that expands the nodeSelector capabilities. To configure a jambonz cluster to be deployed to a set of zones, configure the affinity like so:

global:
  affinity:
    nodeAffinity:
      requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
        nodeSelectorTerms:
          - matchExpressions:
            - key: topology.kubernetes.io/zone
              operator: In
              values:
              - europe-west1-b
              - europe-west1-c

The db and monitoring subcharts have both a separated affinity value that can be set:

db:
  affinity:
    nodeAffinity:
      requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
        nodeSelectorTerms:
          - matchExpressions:
            - key: topology.kubernetes.io/zone
              operator: In
              values:
              - europe-west1-b

monitoring:
  affinity:
    nodeAffinity:
      requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
        nodeSelectorTerms:
          - matchExpressions:
            - key: topology.kubernetes.io/zone
              operator: In
              values:
              - europe-west1-d

Add extra containers or volumes to the SBC-RTP

It may be required to do some processing on the data produced by the RTP service, like the recordings. For these scenarios, another container needs to run along the rtp and share a volume or a secret. Add the following configurations to your yaml file like you would populate a kubernetes deployment:

sbc:
  rtp:
    #nodeSelector: 
    #  label: rtp
    #  value: "true"
    #toleration: rtp
    extraInitContainers:
    - name: init-processor
      image: my-service/init-processor:v1.0.0
    extraContainers:
    - name: recordings-processor
      env:
      - name: SERVER_PORT
        value: "8080"
      - name: GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS
        value: /app/secrets/gcp.serviceaccount.json
      image: my-service/recordings-processor:v2.0.0
      ports:
      - containerPort: 8080
        hostPort: 8080
        protocol: TCP
      resources:
        requests:
          cpu: 50m
          memory: 300Mi
      volumeMounts:
      - mountPath: /app/secrets
        mountPropagation: None
        name: secrets-gcp
        readOnly: true
      - mountPath: /usr/src/app/cache
        mountPropagation: None
        name: cache
      - mountPath: /recordings # if enabled with global.recordings.enabled
        name: recordings
    - name: another-processor
      image: my-service/another-processor:v3.0.0
    extraVolumes:
    - name: secrets-gcp
      secret:
        defaultMode: 420
        optional: false
        secretName: gcp-secret
    - emptyDir: {}
      name: cache

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