Maintain order when parsing clang arguments for MSVC

[mathewhodson]

Fixes #1498
Fixes #1559

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Attention: 18 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

Comparison is base (4538675) 31.07% compared to head (38011c3) 30.62%.

Files	Patch %	Lines
src/compiler/msvc.rs	56.09%	2 Missing and 16 partials ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #1971      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   31.07%   30.62%   -0.45%     
==========================================
  Files          51       51              
  Lines       19191    19198       +7     
  Branches     9232     9238       +6     
==========================================
- Hits         5963     5879      -84     
+ Misses       7754     7750       -4     
- Partials     5474     5569      +95     

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[glandium]

This actually doesn't fully address #1498, because clang too accepts "--". I have work in progress to fix this once and for all.

[glandium]

Closing in favor of #1983