[processor/geoip] Add maxmind geoprovider

[rogercoll]

Description: This PR adds an initial implementation for the MaxMind GeoIP provider for later usage in the geoipprocessor. The processor is still a nop, as no provider can be configured yet. Providers configuration will be added in #33268.

• Internal package for temporal attributes conventions reference (should be removed in favor of Add geo fields into attribute registry semantic-conventions#1116): processor/geoipprocessor/internal/convention/attributes.go
• geoip2-golang package used as a client for data retrieval. See recommended MaxMind clients: https://dev.maxmind.com/geoip/docs/databases#api-clients

Link to tracking Issue: #32663

Testing: Database files are generated before running the unit tests using MaxMind writer.. The generation time of those files seems not to be an issue (0.189s):

$ go test -v
=== RUN   TestInvalidNewProvider
--- PASS: TestInvalidNewProvider (0.00s)
=== RUN   TestProviderLocation
=== PAUSE TestProviderLocation
=== CONT  TestProviderLocation
=== RUN   TestProviderLocation/nil_IP_address
=== RUN   TestProviderLocation/unsupported_database_type
=== RUN   TestProviderLocation/no_IP_metadata_in_database
=== RUN   TestProviderLocation/all_attributes_should_be_present_for_IPv4_using_GeoLite2-City_database
=== RUN   TestProviderLocation/subset_attributes_for_IPv6_IP_using_GeoIP2-City_database
--- PASS: TestProviderLocation (0.00s)
    --- PASS: TestProviderLocation/nil_IP_address (0.00s)
    --- PASS: TestProviderLocation/unsupported_database_type (0.00s)
    --- PASS: TestProviderLocation/no_IP_metadata_in_database (0.00s)
    --- PASS: TestProviderLocation/all_attributes_should_be_present_for_IPv4_using_GeoLite2-City_database (0.00s)
    --- PASS: TestProviderLocation/subset_attributes_for_IPv6_IP_using_GeoIP2-City_database (0.00s)
PASS
ok  	github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/processor/geoipprocessor/internal/provider/maxmindprovider	0.189s

Testing database files are removed on sucessful test execution.

Documentation: README.md file

[michalpristas]

why is this a separate set

[rogercoll]

not sure, it was automatically added by my editor's formatter (maybe when working from a go.mod subdirectory?). Require blocks unified in 05458bf

[rogercoll]

@andrzej-stencel @fatsheep9146

I wanted to check in regarding this PR. If there’s anything specific you need from me before reviewing, please let me know.

Thank you in advance!