perf: use two binary searches for equality mask when data is sorted

[orlp]

Fixes #11805.

Currently only works if there are no nulls in the data, and only for primitive types (no strings / nested data).

Also only works for broadcasting equality, not Series == Series.

[codspeed-hq]

CodSpeed Performance Report

Merging #15702 will not alter performance

_{Comparing orlp:binary-search-eq-comparison (5a0de41) with main (2ac0da2)}

Summary

✅ 22 untouched benchmarks

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 92.68293% with 6 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 81.34%. Comparing base (99ab9c0) to head (5a0de41).
Report is 31 commits behind head on main.

Files	Patch %	Lines
...polars-core/src/chunked_array/comparison/scalar.rs	92.68%	6 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #15702      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   81.31%   81.34%   +0.03%     
==========================================
  Files        1373     1375       +2     
  Lines      176254   176608     +354     
  Branches     2544     2544              
==========================================
+ Hits       143320   143666     +346     
- Misses      32452    32458       +6     
- Partials      482      484       +2     

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