feat: improve pallet template generation (#261)

* Interactive interface added

* Update pick_options_and_give_name macro to handle an arbitrary amount of cases, allowing pick several options for the same object

* New macro for multiselect from an enum. Improve the CLI to support more options

* Adding the possibility of using custom origins

* Adding Cargo.toml generation

* Template lib.rs. Pending of review

* Finishing lib (and related) templates

* New mock config

* Finishing templates

* Adding some tests for the folder structure

* Formatting repo

* Solving mock implementation of common types when no default config issue

* Adding more links to Polkadot-SDK-docs

* Formatting lib.rs.templ

* Solving small issues

* Solving doc test issue, the struct used in that test was modified by this PR

* Apply suggestions from code review

Comment corrections by Bruno

Co-authored-by: Bruno Galvao <brunopgalvao@gmail.com>

* Adding simple/advanced modes

* Adding advanced mode

* Adding advanced mode

* Formatting and solving conflicts

* Solving small template issues

* Formatting the template after generation

* Formatting pallet

* Updating template generation

* Improving manifest test suite

* Allowing storage/common_types from CLI + template improvement

* Solving bug related to PR #277: Regenerating a crate with POP that's already in the workspace doesn't include it again

* Finishing templates with examples; solving some small bugs produced when a pallet is generated from a workspace

* Finishing templates with examples; solving some small bugs produced when a pallet is generated from a workspace

* Deleting legacy file

* Improving UX

* Applying suggested changes

* Applying suggested changes

* Adding a whiteline to lib.rs.templ for formatting, not so important

* Not including default config if config trait empty

* Improve advanced help examples

* Improve advanced help examples

* Improve advanced help examples

* Applying suggestions

---------

Co-authored-by: Bruno Galvao <brunopgalvao@gmail.com>

crates/pop-cli/src/commands/new/pallet.rs

@@ -1,42 +1,156 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
 
-use crate::style::Theme;
-use clap::Args;
-use cliclack::{clear_screen, confirm, intro, outro, outro_cancel, set_theme};
-use console::style;
-use pop_common::manifest::{add_crate_to_workspace, find_workspace_toml};
-use pop_parachains::{create_pallet_template, resolve_pallet_path, TemplatePalletConfig};
-use std::fs;
+use crate::{
+	cli::{traits::Cli as _, Cli},
+	multiselect_pick,
+};
+
+use clap::{Args, Subcommand};
+use cliclack::{confirm, input, multiselect, outro, outro_cancel};
+use pop_common::{add_crate_to_workspace, find_workspace_toml, prefix_with_current_dir_if_needed};
+use pop_parachains::{
+	create_pallet_template, TemplatePalletConfig, TemplatePalletConfigCommonTypes,
+	TemplatePalletOptions, TemplatePalletStorageTypes,
+};
+use std::{fs, path::PathBuf, process::Command};
+use strum::{EnumMessage, IntoEnumIterator};
+
+fn after_help_simple() -> &'static str {
+	r#"Examples:
+        pop new pallet 
+            -> Will create a simple pallet, you'll have to choose your pallet name.
+        pop new pallet my-pallet
+            -> Will automatically create a pallet called my-pallet in the current directory.
+        pop new pallet pallets/my-pallet 
+            -> Will automatically create a pallet called my pallet in the directory ./pallets
+        pop new pallet advanced 
+            -> Will unlock the advanced mode. pop new pallet advanced --help for further info.
+    "#
+}
+
+fn after_help_advanced() -> &'static str {
+	r#"
+        Examples:
+            pop new pallet my-pallet advanced
+                -> If no [OPTIONS] are specified, the interactive advanced mode is launched.
+            pop new pallet my-pallet advanced --config-common-types runtime-origin currency --storage storage-value storage-map -d
+                -> Using some [OPTIONS] will execute the non-interactive advanced mode.
+    "#
+}
 
 #[derive(Args)]
+#[command(after_help= after_help_simple())]
 pub struct NewPalletCommand {
-	#[arg(help = "Name of the pallet", default_value = "pallet-template")]
-	pub(crate) name: String,
+	#[arg(help = "Name of the pallet")]
+	pub(crate) name: Option<String>,
 	#[arg(short, long, help = "Name of authors", default_value = "Anonymous")]
 	pub(crate) authors: Option<String>,
 	#[arg(short, long, help = "Pallet description", default_value = "Frame Pallet")]
 	pub(crate) description: Option<String>,
-	#[arg(short = 'p', long, help = "Path to the pallet, [default: current directory]")]
-	pub(crate) path: Option<String>,
+	#[command(subcommand)]
+	pub(crate) mode: Option<Mode>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Subcommand)]
+pub enum Mode {
+	/// Advanced mode enables more detailed customization of pallet development.
+	Advanced(AdvancedMode),
+}
+
+#[derive(Args)]
+#[command(after_help = after_help_advanced())]
+pub struct AdvancedMode {
+	#[arg(short, long, value_enum, num_args(0..), help = "Add common types to your config trait from the CLI.")]
+	pub(crate) config_common_types: Vec<TemplatePalletConfigCommonTypes>,
+	#[arg(short, long, help = "Use a default configuration for your config trait.")]
+	pub(crate) default_config: bool,
+	#[arg(short, long, value_enum, num_args(0..), help = "Add storage items to your pallet from the CLI.")]
+	pub(crate) storage: Vec<TemplatePalletStorageTypes>,
+	#[arg(short, long, help = "Add a genesis config to your pallet.")]
+	pub(crate) genesis_config: bool,
+	#[arg(short = 'o', long, help = "Add a custom origin to your pallet.")]
+	pub(crate) custom_origin: bool,
 }
 
 impl NewPalletCommand {
 	/// Executes the command.
 	pub(crate) async fn execute(self) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
-		clear_screen()?;
-		intro(format!(
-			"{}: Generating new pallet \"{}\"!",
-			style(" Pop CLI ").black().on_magenta(),
-			&self.name,
-		))?;
-		set_theme(Theme);
-		let target = resolve_pallet_path(self.path.clone())?;
+		Cli.intro("Generate a pallet")?;
+
+		let mut pallet_default_config = false;
+		let mut pallet_common_types = Vec::new();
+		let mut pallet_storage = Vec::new();
+		let mut pallet_genesis = false;
+		let mut pallet_custom_origin = false;
+
+		if let Some(Mode::Advanced(advanced_mode_args)) = &self.mode {
+			if advanced_mode_args.config_common_types.is_empty()
+				&& advanced_mode_args.storage.is_empty()
+				&& !(advanced_mode_args.genesis_config
+					|| advanced_mode_args.default_config
+					|| advanced_mode_args.custom_origin)
+			{
+				Cli.info("Generate the pallet's config trait.")?;
+
+				pallet_common_types = multiselect_pick!(TemplatePalletConfigCommonTypes, "Are you interested in adding one of these types and their usual configuration to your pallet?");
+				Cli.info("Generate the pallet's storage.")?;
+
+				pallet_storage = multiselect_pick!(
+					TemplatePalletStorageTypes,
+					"Are you interested in adding some of those storage items to your pallet?"
+				);
+
+				// If there's no common types, default_config is excluded from the multiselect
+				let boolean_options = if pallet_common_types.is_empty() {
+					multiselect_pick!(
+                        TemplatePalletOptions,
+                        "Are you interested in adding one of these types and their usual configuration to your pallet?",
+                        vec![TemplatePalletOptions::DefaultConfig]
+				    )
+				} else {
+					multiselect_pick!(
+                        TemplatePalletOptions,
+                        "Are you interested in adding one of these types and their usual configuration to your pallet?"
+                    )
+				};
+
+				pallet_default_config =
+					boolean_options.contains(&TemplatePalletOptions::DefaultConfig);
+				pallet_genesis = boolean_options.contains(&TemplatePalletOptions::GenesisConfig);
+				pallet_custom_origin =
+					boolean_options.contains(&TemplatePalletOptions::CustomOrigin);
+			} else {
+				pallet_common_types = advanced_mode_args.config_common_types.clone();
+				pallet_default_config = advanced_mode_args.default_config;
+				if pallet_common_types.is_empty() && pallet_default_config {
+					return Err(anyhow::anyhow!(
+						"Specify at least a config common type to use default config."
+					));
+				}
+				pallet_storage = advanced_mode_args.storage.clone();
+				pallet_genesis = advanced_mode_args.genesis_config;
+				pallet_custom_origin = advanced_mode_args.custom_origin;
+			}
+		};
+
+		let pallet_path = if let Some(path) = self.name {
+			PathBuf::from(path)
+		} else {
+			let path: String = input("Where should your project be created?")
+				.placeholder("./template")
+				.default_input("./template")
+				.interact()?;
+			PathBuf::from(path)
+		};
+
+		// If the user has introduced something like pallets/my_pallet, probably it refers to
+		// ./pallets/my_pallet. We need to transform this path, as otherwise the Cargo.toml won't be
+		// detected and the pallet won't be added to the workspace.
+		let pallet_path = prefix_with_current_dir_if_needed(pallet_path);
 
 		// Determine if the pallet is being created inside a workspace
-		let workspace_toml = find_workspace_toml(&target);
+		let workspace_toml = find_workspace_toml(&pallet_path);
 
-		let pallet_name = self.name.clone();
-		let pallet_path = target.join(pallet_name.clone());
 		if pallet_path.exists() {
 			if !confirm(format!(
 				"\"{}\" directory already exists. Would you like to remove it?",
@@ -55,12 +169,17 @@ impl NewPalletCommand {
 		let spinner = cliclack::spinner();
 		spinner.start("Generating pallet...");
 		create_pallet_template(
-			self.path.clone(),
+			pallet_path.clone(),
 			TemplatePalletConfig {
-				name: self.name.clone(),
 				authors: self.authors.clone().expect("default values"),
 				description: self.description.clone().expect("default values"),
 				pallet_in_workspace: workspace_toml.is_some(),
+				pallet_advanced_mode: self.mode.is_some(),
+				pallet_default_config,
+				pallet_common_types,
+				pallet_storage,
+				pallet_genesis,
+				pallet_custom_origin,
 			},
 		)?;
 
@@ -69,8 +188,20 @@ impl NewPalletCommand {
 			add_crate_to_workspace(&workspace_toml, &pallet_path)?;
 		}
 
+		// Format the dir. If this fails we do nothing, it's not a major failure
+		Command::new("cargo")
+			.arg("fmt")
+			.arg("--all")
+			.current_dir(&pallet_path)
+			.output()?;
+
 		spinner.stop("Generation complete");
-		outro(format!("cd into \"{}\" and enjoy hacking! 🚀", &self.name))?;
+		outro(format!(
+			"cd into \"{}\" and enjoy hacking! 🚀",
+			pallet_path
+				.to_str()
+				.expect("If the path isn't valid, create_pallet_template detects it; qed")
+		))?;
 		Ok(())
 	}
 }

crates/pop-cli/src/common/helpers.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0
+
+/// A macro to facilitate the select multiple variant of an enum and store them inside a `Vec`.
+/// # Arguments
+/// * `$enum`: The enum type to be iterated over for the selection. This enum must implement
+///   `IntoEnumIterator` and `EnumMessage` traits from the `strum` crate. Each variant is
+///   responsible of its own messages.
+/// * `$prompt_message`: The message displayed to the user. It must implement the `Display` trait.
+/// * `$excluded_variants`: If the enum contain variants that shouldn't be included in the
+///   multiselect pick, they're specified here. This is useful if a enum is used in a few places and
+///   not all of them need all the variants but share some of them. It has to be a `Vec`;
+/// # Note
+/// This macro only works with a 1-byte sized enums, this is, fieldless enums with at most 255
+/// elements each. This is because we're just interested in letting the user to pick some options
+/// among a predefined set, then the name should be descriptive enough, and 1-byte sized enums are
+/// really easy to convert to and from a `u8`, so we can work with `u8` all the time and just
+/// recover the variant at the end.
+///
+/// The decision of using 1-byte enums instead of just fieldless enums is for simplicity: we won't
+/// probably offer a user to pick from > 256 options. If this macro is used with enums containing
+/// fields, the conversion to `u8` will simply be detected at compile time and the compilation will
+/// fail. If this macro is used with fieldless enums greater than 1-byte (really weird but
+/// possible), the conversion to u8 will overflow and lead to unexpected behavior, so we panic at
+/// runtime if that happens for completeness.
+///
+/// # Example
+///
+/// ```rust
+/// use strum::{IntoEnumIterator, EnumMessage};
+/// use strum_macros::{EnumIter, EnumMessage as EnumMessageDerive};
+/// use cliclack::{multiselect};
+/// use pop_common::multiselect_pick;
+///
+/// #[derive(Debug, EnumIter, EnumMessageDerive, Copy, Clone)]
+/// enum FieldlessEnum {
+///     #[strum(message = "Type 1", detailed_message = "Detailed message for Type 1")]
+///     Type1,
+///     #[strum(message = "Type 2", detailed_message = "Detailed message for Type 2")]
+///     Type2,
+///     #[strum(message = "Type 3", detailed_message = "Detailed message for Type 3")]
+///     Type3,
+/// }
+///
+/// fn test_function() -> Result<(),std::io::Error>{
+///     let vec = multiselect_pick!(FieldlessEnum, "Hello, world!");
+///     Ok(())
+/// }
+/// ```
+///
+/// # Requirements
+///
+/// This macro requires the following imports to function correctly:
+///
+/// ```rust
+/// use cliclack::{multiselect};
+/// use strum::{EnumMessage, IntoEnumIterator};
+/// ```
+///
+/// Additionally, this macro handle results, so it must be used inside a function doing so.
+/// Otherwise the compilation will fail.
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! multiselect_pick {
+	($enum: ty, $prompt_message: expr $(, $excluded_variants: expr)?) => {{
+        // Ensure the enum is 1-byte long. This is needed cause fieldless enums with > 256 elements
+		// will lead to unexpected behavior as the conversion to u8 for them isn't detected as wrong
+		// at compile time. Enums containing variants with fields will be catched at compile time.
+		// Weird but possible.
+		assert_eq!(std::mem::size_of::<$enum>(), 1);
+		let mut prompt = multiselect(format!(
+			"{} {}",
+			$prompt_message,
+			"Pick an option by pressing the spacebar. Press enter when you're done!"
+		))
+		.required(false);
+
+		for variant in <$enum>::iter() {
+            $(if $excluded_variants.contains(&variant){continue; })?
+			prompt = prompt.item(
+				variant as u8,
+				variant.get_message().unwrap_or_default(),
+				variant.get_detailed_message().unwrap_or_default(),
+			);
+		}
+
+		// The unsafe block is safe cause the bytes are the discriminants of the enum picked above,
+		// qed;
+		prompt
+			.interact()?
+			.iter()
+			.map(|byte| unsafe { std::mem::transmute(*byte) })
+			.collect::<Vec<$enum>>()
+	}};
+}

crates/pop-cli/src/common/mod.rs

@@ -2,3 +2,4 @@
 
 #[cfg(feature = "contract")]
 pub mod contracts;
+pub mod helpers;

crates/pop-common/Cargo.toml

@@ -29,4 +29,4 @@ url.workspace = true
 [dev-dependencies]
 mockito.workspace = true
 strum_macros.workspace = true
-tempfile.workspace = true
+tempfile.workspace = true

crates/pop-common/src/helpers.rs

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ use std::{
 	collections::HashMap,
 	fs,
 	io::{Read, Write},
-	path::{Path, PathBuf},
+	path::{Component, Path, PathBuf},
 };
 
 /// Replaces occurrences of specified strings in a file with new values.
@@ -40,6 +40,21 @@ pub fn get_project_name_from_path<'a>(path: &'a Path, default: &'a str) -> &'a s
 	path.file_name().and_then(|name| name.to_str()).unwrap_or(default)
 }
 
+/// Transforms a path without prefix into a relative path starting at the current directory.
+///
+/// # Arguments
+/// * `path` - The path to be prefixed if needed.
+pub fn prefix_with_current_dir_if_needed(path: PathBuf) -> PathBuf {
+	let components = &path.components().collect::<Vec<Component>>();
+	if !components.is_empty() {
+		// If the first component is a normal component, we prefix the path with the current dir
+		if let Component::Normal(_) = components[0] {
+			return <Component<'_> as AsRef<Path>>::as_ref(&Component::CurDir).join(path);
+		}
+	}
+	path
+}
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
 	use super::*;
@@ -74,4 +89,31 @@ mod tests {
 		assert_eq!(get_project_name_from_path(path, "my-contract"), "my-contract");
 		Ok(())
 	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn prefix_with_current_dir_if_needed_works_well() {
+		let no_prefixed_path = PathBuf::from("my/path".to_string());
+		let current_dir_prefixed_path = PathBuf::from("./my/path".to_string());
+		let parent_dir_prefixed_path = PathBuf::from("../my/path".to_string());
+		let root_dir_prefixed_path = PathBuf::from("/my/path".to_string());
+		let empty_path = PathBuf::from("".to_string());
+
+		assert_eq!(
+			prefix_with_current_dir_if_needed(no_prefixed_path),
+			PathBuf::from("./my/path/".to_string())
+		);
+		assert_eq!(
+			prefix_with_current_dir_if_needed(current_dir_prefixed_path),
+			PathBuf::from("./my/path/".to_string())
+		);
+		assert_eq!(
+			prefix_with_current_dir_if_needed(parent_dir_prefixed_path),
+			PathBuf::from("../my/path/".to_string())
+		);
+		assert_eq!(
+			prefix_with_current_dir_if_needed(root_dir_prefixed_path),
+			PathBuf::from("/my/path/".to_string())
+		);
+		assert_eq!(prefix_with_current_dir_if_needed(empty_path), PathBuf::from("".to_string()));
+	}
 }