Add workaround for crash in libcudf debug build using output_indexalator in thrust::lower_bound

[davidwendt]

Closes #6521

The thrust::lower_bound call is crashing on a libcudf debug build when using the output_indexalator. I've opened an issue in the thrust github keep track of this. The problem only occurs when using the -G nvcc compile option.

I found a workaround using a thrust::transform along with device lambda containing a thrust::lower_bound(seq) call for each element. This PR adds the workaround which is only used in a debug build since the error occurs in functions that used as utilities for other functions when using dictionary columns.

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[davidwendt]

nvbug 3322776 was created for this by the thrust team as well

[vuule]

@gpucibot merge