BOLT #2, #5: derive maximum HTLC limit based on penalty size.

Calculations are put in 05-onchain.md, and referred to by 02-peer-protocol.

The number is 600, comfortably under the 626 theoretical limit.

Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>

02-peer-protocol.md

@@ -106,8 +106,9 @@ immediately included in a block.
 
 The sender SHOULD set `dust-limit-satoshis` to sufficient value to
 allow commitment transactions to propagate through the bitcoin
-network.  It MUST set `max-num-htlcs` to less than or equal to 300
-[FIXME:LAOLU recalc?].  It SHOULD set `htlc-minimum-msat` to the minimum
+network.  It MUST set `max-num-htlcs` to less than or equal to 600
+<sup>[BOLT #5](05-onchain.md#penalty-transaction-weight-calculation)</sup>.
+It SHOULD set `htlc-minimum-msat` to the minimum
 amount HTLC it is willing to accept from this peer.
 
 
@@ -116,7 +117,7 @@ unreasonably large.  The receiver MAY fail the channel if
 `funding-satoshis` is too small, and MUST fail the channel if
 `push-msat` is greater than `funding-amount` * 1000.
 The receiving node MAY fail the channel if it considers
-`htlc-minimum-msat` too large, `max-htlc-value-in-flight` too small, `channel-reserve-satoshis` too large, or `max-num-htlcs` too small.  It MUST fail the channel if `max-num-htlcs` is greater than 300 [FIXME:LAOLU recalc?]
+`htlc-minimum-msat` too large, `max-htlc-value-in-flight` too small, `channel-reserve-satoshis` too large, or `max-num-htlcs` too small.  It MUST fail the channel if `max-num-htlcs` is greater than 600.
 
 
 The receiver MUST fail the channel if

05-onchain.md

@@ -316,6 +316,32 @@ broadcasts HTLC-timeout and HTLC-success transactions, but the
 requirement that we persist until all outputs are irrevocably resolved
 should cover this. [FIXME: May have to divide and conquer here, since they may be able to delay us long enough to avoid successful penalty spend? ]
 
+## Penalty Transaction Weight Calculation
+
+As described in [BOLT #3](03-transactions.md), the witness script for
+a penalty transaction is:
+
+    <sig> 1 { OP_IF <key> OP_ELSE to-self-delay OP_CSV OP_DROP <key> OP_ENDIF OP_CHECKSIG }
+
+Which takes 1 byte to indicate the number of stack elements, plus one
+byte for the size of each element (+3), 73 bytes worst-case for
+`<sig>` (+73), one byte for the `1` (+1), nine bytes for the script
+instructions (+9), 33 bytes for each of the keys (+66), and two bytes
+for `to-self-delay` (+2).
+
+This gives 1+3+73+1+9+66+2=155 bytes of witness data, weight 155.
+
+The penalty txinput itself takes 41 bytes, thus has a weight of 164,
+meaning each input adds 319 weight.
+
+The rest of the penalty transaction takes 4+3+1+8+1+34+4=55 bytes
+assuming it has a pay-to-witness-script-hash (the largest standard
+output script), thus a base weight of 220.
+
+With a maximum standard weight of 400000, this means a standard
+penalty transaction can have up to 1253 inputs.  Thus we could allow
+626 HTLCs in each direction (with one output to-self) and still
+resolve it with a single penalty transaction.
 
 # General Requirements