Update GHA tests to run using RTools44

[andrjohns]

Summary

Our Github CI for Windows is significantly out of date with the current RTools windows toolchain, this PR updates the workflows to run using the latest RTools44 toolchain

Tests

N/A

Side Effects

N/A

Release notes

Update Github CI to use RTools44 toolchain on windows

Checklist

• Copyright holder: Andrew Johnson

  The copyright holder is typically you or your assignee, such as a university or company. By submitting this pull request, the copyright holder is agreeing to the license the submitted work under the following licenses:
  - Code: BSD 3-clause (https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause)
  - Documentation: CC-BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

• the basic tests are passing

  • unit tests pass (to run, use: ./runTests.py test/unit)
  • header checks pass, (make test-headers)
  • dependencies checks pass, (make test-math-dependencies)
  • docs build, (make doxygen)
  • code passes the built in C++ standards checks (make cpplint)

• the code is written in idiomatic C++ and changes are documented in the doxygen

• the new changes are tested

[stan-buildbot]

---

Name	Old Result	New Result	Ratio	Performance change( 1 - new / old )
arma/arma.stan	0.19	0.18	1.04	4.05% faster
low_dim_corr_gauss/low_dim_corr_gauss.stan	0.01	0.01	1.02	2.27% faster
gp_regr/gen_gp_data.stan	0.02	0.02	1.03	2.77% faster
gp_regr/gp_regr.stan	0.11	0.1	1.05	4.88% faster
sir/sir.stan	76.57	75.25	1.02	1.72% faster
irt_2pl/irt_2pl.stan	3.91	3.95	0.99	-1.02% slower
eight_schools/eight_schools.stan	0.06	0.05	1.07	6.74% faster
pkpd/sim_one_comp_mm_elim_abs.stan	0.25	0.25	1.01	1.46% faster
pkpd/one_comp_mm_elim_abs.stan	17.99	18.3	0.98	-1.7% slower
garch/garch.stan	0.45	0.46	0.98	-1.54% slower
low_dim_gauss_mix/low_dim_gauss_mix.stan	2.77	2.82	0.98	-1.71% slower
arK/arK.stan	1.72	1.67	1.03	3.04% faster
gp_pois_regr/gp_pois_regr.stan	2.53	2.58	0.98	-1.93% slower
low_dim_gauss_mix_collapse/low_dim_gauss_mix_collapse.stan	9.07	9.35	0.97	-3.1% slower
performance.compilation	173.75	178.03	0.98	-2.46% slower
Mean result: 1.0099592951445922

---

Jenkins Console Log
Blue Ocean
Commit hash: b62657db8079bb06c39c70bb82d88755522d5b74

---

Machine information

No LSB modules are available. Distributor ID: Ubuntu Description: Ubuntu 20.04.3 LTS Release: 20.04 Codename: focal

CPU:
Architecture: x86_64
CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order: Little Endian
Address sizes: 46 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
CPU(s): 80
On-line CPU(s) list: 0-79
Thread(s) per core: 2
Core(s) per socket: 20
Socket(s): 2
NUMA node(s): 2
Vendor ID: GenuineIntel
CPU family: 6
Model: 85
Model name: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 6148 CPU @ 2.40GHz
Stepping: 4
CPU MHz: 2400.000
CPU max MHz: 3700.0000
CPU min MHz: 1000.0000
BogoMIPS: 4800.00
Virtualization: VT-x
L1d cache: 1.3 MiB
L1i cache: 1.3 MiB
L2 cache: 40 MiB
L3 cache: 55 MiB
NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0,2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20,22,24,26,28,30,32,34,36,38,40,42,44,46,48,50,52,54,56,58,60,62,64,66,68,70,72,74,76,78
NUMA node1 CPU(s): 1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27,29,31,33,35,37,39,41,43,45,47,49,51,53,55,57,59,61,63,65,67,69,71,73,75,77,79
Vulnerability Gather data sampling: Mitigation; Microcode
Vulnerability Itlb multihit: KVM: Mitigation: VMX disabled
Vulnerability L1tf: Mitigation; PTE Inversion; VMX conditional cache flushes, SMT vulnerable
Vulnerability Mds: Mitigation; Clear CPU buffers; SMT vulnerable
Vulnerability Meltdown: Mitigation; PTI
Vulnerability Mmio stale data: Mitigation; Clear CPU buffers; SMT vulnerable
Vulnerability Retbleed: Mitigation; IBRS
Vulnerability Spec rstack overflow: Not affected
Vulnerability Spec store bypass: Mitigation; Speculative Store Bypass disabled via prctl
Vulnerability Spectre v1: Mitigation; usercopy/swapgs barriers and __user pointer sanitization
Vulnerability Spectre v2: Mitigation; IBRS, IBPB conditional, STIBP conditional, RSB filling, PBRSB-eIBRS Not affected
Vulnerability Srbds: Not affected
Vulnerability Tsx async abort: Mitigation; Clear CPU buffers; SMT vulnerable
Flags: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc art arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx smx est tm2 ssse3 sdbg fma cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid dca sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch cpuid_fault epb cat_l3 cdp_l3 invpcid_single pti intel_ppin ssbd mba ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid ept_ad fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 hle avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid rtm cqm mpx rdt_a avx512f avx512dq rdseed adx smap clflushopt clwb intel_pt avx512cd avx512bw avx512vl xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 xsaves cqm_llc cqm_occup_llc cqm_mbm_total cqm_mbm_local dtherm ida arat pln pts hwp hwp_act_window hwp_epp hwp_pkg_req pku ospke md_clear flush_l1d arch_capabilities

G++:
g++ (Ubuntu 9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04) 9.4.0
Copyright (C) 2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

Clang:
clang version 10.0.0-4ubuntu1
Target: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
Thread model: posix
InstalledDir: /usr/bin

[andrjohns]

Turns out the RTools44 GCC has a bug in its exp(std::complex<double>) implementation, which is the cause of the mix test failures.

The result of exp(std::complex<double>(inf)) should be {inf, 0} as seen on godbolt, but the RTools44 gcc returns {inf, nan}.

I've notified the toolchain maintainer

[andrjohns]

Looks like the reason why the RTools40 toolchain was passing but not Rtools44, is that the msys2-based gcc (like rtools40 and those installed via pacman) define _GLIBCXX11_USE_C99_COMPLEX by default, but the MXE-based gcc (RTools42-44) don't.

I'm still investigating whether this is an rtools-specific or a general mxe issue, but for now we can just add -D_GLIBCXX11_USE_C99_COMPLEX to the windows flags

[stan-buildbot]

---

Name	Old Result	New Result	Ratio	Performance change( 1 - new / old )
arma/arma.stan	0.19	0.18	1.05	4.87% faster
low_dim_corr_gauss/low_dim_corr_gauss.stan	0.01	0.01	1.06	5.28% faster
gp_regr/gen_gp_data.stan	0.02	0.02	1.07	6.52% faster
gp_regr/gp_regr.stan	0.11	0.1	1.06	5.49% faster
sir/sir.stan	79.05	75.22	1.05	4.85% faster
irt_2pl/irt_2pl.stan	3.91	3.93	0.99	-0.54% slower
eight_schools/eight_schools.stan	0.06	0.05	1.06	5.79% faster
pkpd/sim_one_comp_mm_elim_abs.stan	0.26	0.25	1.02	2.04% faster
pkpd/one_comp_mm_elim_abs.stan	18.31	18.21	1.01	0.53% faster
garch/garch.stan	0.47	0.46	1.01	1.36% faster
low_dim_gauss_mix/low_dim_gauss_mix.stan	2.85	2.85	1.0	0.01% faster
arK/arK.stan	1.64	1.67	0.98	-1.78% slower
gp_pois_regr/gp_pois_regr.stan	2.55	2.54	1.0	0.48% faster
low_dim_gauss_mix_collapse/low_dim_gauss_mix_collapse.stan	9.16	9.28	0.99	-1.28% slower
performance.compilation	181.61	180.96	1.0	0.36% faster
Mean result: 1.0240269407895728

---

Jenkins Console Log
Blue Ocean
Commit hash: 39b1ef439f847a0dfe31f525f78a5affade57b4d

---

Machine information

No LSB modules are available. Distributor ID: Ubuntu Description: Ubuntu 20.04.3 LTS Release: 20.04 Codename: focal

CPU:
Architecture: x86_64
CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order: Little Endian
Address sizes: 46 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
CPU(s): 80
On-line CPU(s) list: 0-79
Thread(s) per core: 2
Core(s) per socket: 20
Socket(s): 2
NUMA node(s): 2
Vendor ID: GenuineIntel
CPU family: 6
Model: 85
Model name: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 6148 CPU @ 2.40GHz
Stepping: 4
CPU MHz: 2400.000
CPU max MHz: 3700.0000
CPU min MHz: 1000.0000
BogoMIPS: 4800.00
Virtualization: VT-x
L1d cache: 1.3 MiB
L1i cache: 1.3 MiB
L2 cache: 40 MiB
L3 cache: 55 MiB
NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0,2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20,22,24,26,28,30,32,34,36,38,40,42,44,46,48,50,52,54,56,58,60,62,64,66,68,70,72,74,76,78
NUMA node1 CPU(s): 1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27,29,31,33,35,37,39,41,43,45,47,49,51,53,55,57,59,61,63,65,67,69,71,73,75,77,79
Vulnerability Gather data sampling: Mitigation; Microcode
Vulnerability Itlb multihit: KVM: Mitigation: VMX disabled
Vulnerability L1tf: Mitigation; PTE Inversion; VMX conditional cache flushes, SMT vulnerable
Vulnerability Mds: Mitigation; Clear CPU buffers; SMT vulnerable
Vulnerability Meltdown: Mitigation; PTI
Vulnerability Mmio stale data: Mitigation; Clear CPU buffers; SMT vulnerable
Vulnerability Retbleed: Mitigation; IBRS
Vulnerability Spec rstack overflow: Not affected
Vulnerability Spec store bypass: Mitigation; Speculative Store Bypass disabled via prctl
Vulnerability Spectre v1: Mitigation; usercopy/swapgs barriers and __user pointer sanitization
Vulnerability Spectre v2: Mitigation; IBRS, IBPB conditional, STIBP conditional, RSB filling, PBRSB-eIBRS Not affected
Vulnerability Srbds: Not affected
Vulnerability Tsx async abort: Mitigation; Clear CPU buffers; SMT vulnerable
Flags: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc art arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx smx est tm2 ssse3 sdbg fma cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid dca sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch cpuid_fault epb cat_l3 cdp_l3 invpcid_single pti intel_ppin ssbd mba ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid ept_ad fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 hle avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid rtm cqm mpx rdt_a avx512f avx512dq rdseed adx smap clflushopt clwb intel_pt avx512cd avx512bw avx512vl xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 xsaves cqm_llc cqm_occup_llc cqm_mbm_total cqm_mbm_local dtherm ida arat pln pts hwp hwp_act_window hwp_epp hwp_pkg_req pku ospke md_clear flush_l1d arch_capabilities

G++:
g++ (Ubuntu 9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04) 9.4.0
Copyright (C) 2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

Clang:
clang version 10.0.0-4ubuntu1
Target: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
Thread model: posix
InstalledDir: /usr/bin

[andrjohns]

Looks like the reason why the RTools40 toolchain was passing but not Rtools44, is that the msys2-based gcc (like rtools40 and those installed via pacman) define _GLIBCXX11_USE_C99_COMPLEX by default, but the MXE-based gcc (RTools42-44) don't.

I'm still investigating whether this is an rtools-specific or a general mxe issue, but for now we can just add -D_GLIBCXX11_USE_C99_COMPLEX to the windows flags

I've heard back from the RTools maintainer that they would prefer to wait until the next major RTools release before adding this flag, but that I should report the bug upstream to gcc/libstdc++. So we'll need to manually add the flag in the interim.

@WardBrian / @rok-cesnovar Should I keep the makefile as unconditionally adding the flag on Windows (like it is now)? Alternatives that I can think of would be to:

• Only add if not already defined (like: $(echo | g++ -E -dM - | findstr _GLIBCXX11_USE_C99_COMPLEX))
• Only add for MXE toolchain (like: $(gcc -v | findstr mxe))

Thoughts/preferences?

[WardBrian]

I think it's fine being unconditional on Windows

[andrjohns]

@WardBrian ok to approve and merge before the freeze? Just want to make sure this in now that the next release is recommending the stock RTools toolchain

[WardBrian]

Thought I already had! LGTM