msg!

md_files/toefl.md

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 ###听力
-   1. recent study  theory  都是重点词语，注意后面有态度题。keep in mind!
+   1. recent study  theory  都是重点词语，注意后面有态度题。keep in mind!  
+   2. 研究，调查，理论，假说，实验都要记笔记。！discover关键词！
 
 ###作文
 1. 独立写作的字数理想是在300-350。
@@ -41,6 +42,75 @@
    eg:I believe that young people are more capatable of making independent decisions in today's socioeconomic environment.   
    或者先让步接纳对方的观点有一定的道理，然后再阐述自己的观点。   
    eg:Although parents uesed to have a strong influence on their child's decision-making process,I believe that young people are more capable to make independent decision  in today's socioeconomic environment.  
-   Although there are many advantages to living in the city,I prefer life in a small town.  
+   Although there are many advantages to living in the city,I prefer life in a small town.  \
+   As daunting as it looks at first sight,constructing new housing does present many benefits.   
+   第三句：    
+   开头段示例：Making decisions is often considered as one of the most challenging tasks for young people, especially in critical situations. Although parents used to have a strong influence on their child's decision-making process, I believe that young people are more capable of making independent decisions in today's socioeconomic environment. (让步表明观点) Nowadays not only are youngsters able to conduct cost and benefit analysis of their ideas according to market economy principles, (原因1) the open social environment also encourages them to make decisionson their own. (原因2)  
+   ####开头段常见表达语料库：  
+   1. 赞成某一观点：  
+   句型：I believe (or “agree with the idea”)[固定搭配] + that宾语从句 + 原题观点  
+   I agree with the opinion that people should always express their real thoughts notwithstanding the opposite views held by others.  
+   句型：...concurs with my belief that...  
+   The statement that people should voice their opinions freely concurs with my belief that we should always express our true thoughts regardless of external pressures.  
+   句型：I disagree with the view that  
+   I disagree with the view that investing in employees' work skills is the most important consideration for a company to succeed.  If the employee leaves the company shortly after he or she has received the employment training, then the investment is actually a waste of resources. Moreover, there are many other factors that are at least equally important for a company to take into account when it considers making an investment in its employees.  
+
+   In my view, there are several measures can be adopted to encounter the air pollution problem that is as effective as raising the fuel price.  
+
+   In my opinion, government should assume the responsibility of protecting wild animals and natural environment without hesitation. The proper protection of animals and wilderness requires significant amounts of funding and other resources so it would be unrealistic for this area to be managed by private sector. Plus, government has a duty to protect our planet's ecological system for the benefit of our children.  
+
+   In my view, government should invest more resources in early education. I believe this because children are the cornerstone of our society. A country can never prosper for long without its children being fully prepared. Many parents are busy with their jobs in the period of economic depression which implies that they don't have as much time for looking after their children. Government intervention would be a good solution to this problem.  
+
+   It is my opinion that students are far less interested in politics than twenty years ago. In the past decade, an increasing number of students have not been concerned with public affairs neither at the domestic level nor the international level. They are busy with many other activities such as schools, social entertainments and sports. Nevertheless, I think students should have the freedom to decide how actively they will participate in politics.  
+
+   My position is that raising fuel price is definitely not the best way to control the air pollution problem.  
+
+   Although many young dreamers are adamant with their often unrealistic ideals, I prefer to pursue goals that engender actual results.  
+
+   In spite of the obvious benefits of allocating the workloads evenly over the typical five working days, I prefer to work three-day a week even at the expense of fatigue.  
+
+   ####中间段写法：  
+   开头段表明观点  
+   中间段解释理由1  
+   中间段解释理由2  
+   结尾段（包括让步）  
+   每个中间段的写作结构可分为三个部分：主题句，论证理由和举例说明。  
+   主题句：First of all, teachers are no longer an indispensable source of knowledge in the foreseeable future of education.  
+   背景原因：It used to be a well-known fact that the most important function of teachers is that they can help students to learn knowledge that was unknown to them.  
+   背景原因所导致的后果：Today, however, even young children can access a variety of the latest information online independently.  
+   结论说明主题句成立：The obvious consequence is that students can master fact-related knowledge with or without their teachers' support.  
+   句型1：An obvious benefit of doing sth is that...  
+   An obvious benefit of working alone is that students can acquire with the as yet unheard knowledge efficiently.  
+   句型2：...can benefit...理由A对...有益（所以我同意）  
+   Donating money to a charity group can benefit the job market enormously.  
+   句型3：...have abundant opportunities to become... 理由A有很多机会去完成、做到...（所以我同意）  
+   The younger generation has abundant opportunities to become successful as long as they are hard-working.  
+   句型4：...is gaining momentum...  
+   The campaign of starting someone's own business is gaining momentum in recent years  
+   句型5：One thing…is the most effective/straightforward methods to achieve sth理由A是“最好的”解决方法之一（所以我同意）  
+   Making donations to the medical research charity organization is one of the most effective ways to accelerate the progress of identifying cures for some deadly diseases.  
+    A cost-effective public transportation system is the most straightforward way to solve the air pollution problem.  
+   句型6：The problem can be solved by the use of sth理由A能解决问题（所以我同意）  
+   The annoying problem of air pollution could also be completely eradicated through the use of new energy sources.  
+   句型7：sth has more (sth) than B does/sth is more important than sth concerning_____.理由A更好/更重要在___方面（所以我同意）  
+   Improved market economy is more important than family's support concerning young people's career perspectives.  
+   Robust government policies have more practical significance than family's support concerning young people's career perspectives.  
+   句型8：sth may dampen/damage/inhibit/diminish/stifle sth 理由B会导致什么坏处（所以我不同意）  
+   Last but not the least, certain family values may actually dampen people's path to success.  
+   句型9：sth is prejudiced/biased/narrow-minded against.。。理由B是有偏见的（所以我不同意）  
+   The opinion that people should not enjoy their lives is prejudiced against the idea that what we ought to do could be the same as what we enjoy doing.  
+   句型10：As a matter of fact, the opinion in question is untrue   理由B不是事实（所以我不同意）  
+   As a matter of fact, there is little time that has been left for personal enjoyment since the economic depression of 2008.  
+   句型11：sth will not help/benefit/assist/facilitate you to do sth…理由B不能帮助你/人们（所以我不同意）  
+   Avoiding criticism from your supervisors will not help you to improve, which is what all learning is about.  
+   句型12：...is a breach of principle  理由B的是对...原则的破坏（所以我不同意）  
+   Government subsidized free Internet is a breach of political principle.  
+   句型13：the assumption that…is incorrect  
+   Although Internet has been playing an important role in our daily lives, the assumption that the Internet is as important as other infrastructure services is incorrect.  
+
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