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21 changes: 21 additions & 0 deletions ru_ru/1-getting-started.md
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# Welcome to Magneticraft

**Disclaimer**

A lot of stuff is not finished or needs more work,
the mod was tested and should be stable but some features, for example, images in the guide book are not done yet.

### First steps

Magneticraft add 3 types of ores: Copper (Chalcopyrite), Lead (Galena) and Tungsten (Wolframite),
you can just smelt them in a vanilla furnace,
but the mod adds an early game ore processing. With a [Crushing Table](machines/processing_machines/1-crushing-table.md) you can break
up the ores into rocky chunks and with a [Sluice Box](machines/processing_machines/2-sluice-box.md) you can filter those rocky chunks to
get clean chunks to smelt, the Sluice Box will also drop extra dusts from the chunks.

A lot of crafting recipes in the mod require plates, to get them you can place an ingot in a
Crushing Table and smash it with a hammer.

After getting the [Crushing Table](machines/processing_machines/1-crushing-table.md) and the [Sluice Box](machines/processing_machines/2-sluice-box.md) the next
step is to get some energy generation, take a look at the [energy generation section](machines/1-generators.md),
you may also want to read a bit on how the [electric system](6-electricity.md) works.
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# Machines

*Machine categories*
- [Generators](machines/1-generators.md)
- [Processing Machines](machines/2-processing-machines.md)
- [Transport](machines/3-transport.md)
- [Utilities](machines/4-utilities.md)
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# Multiblocks

To build a multiblock, craft the blueprint, place it in the ground, it will show the block pattern of the multiblock,
place the needed blocks and right click on the wooden box to active it.

Available multiblocks:
- [Steam Engine](machines/generators/2-steam-engine.md)
- [Solar panel](machines/generators/5-solar-panel.md)
- [Solar Tower](machines/generators/6-solar-tower.md)
- [Solar Mirrors](machines/generators/6.1-solar-mirror.md)
- [Grinder](machines/processing_machines/3-grinder.md)
- [Sieve](machines/processing_machines/4-sieve.md)
- [Hydraulic Press](machines/processing_machines/5-hydraulic-press.md)
- [Pumpjack](machines/processing_machines/6-pumpjack.md)
- [Shelving unit](machines/utilities/1-shelving-unit.md)
- [Shipping Container](machines/utilities/2-shipping-container.md)
- [Oil Heater](machines/processing_machines/8-oil-heater.md)
- [Refinery](machines/processing_machines/9-refinery.md)
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# World Generation

**Copper Ore**

A common ore that is used in lots of recipes, it's found in the form of Chalcopyrite
Default config values:
- Max veins per chunk: 11
- Max blocks per vein: 8
- Min Y level: 10
- Max Y level: 70

**Lead Ore**

A common ore that is used in lots of recipes, it's found in the form of Galena, a compound of lead and silver.
Default config values:
- Max veins per chunk: 10
- Max blocks per vein: 8
- Min Y level: 2
- Max Y level: 80

**Tungsten Ore**

A strong, rarer ore that is used in large amounts of industrial machinery, it's found in the form of Wolframite
Default config values:
- Max veins per chunk: 8
- Max blocks per vein: 8
- Min Y level: 20
- Max Y level: 60


**Pyrite Ore**

A compound of iron and sulfur (iron sulfide) also known as fool's gold, looks exactly like gold, but it's used to get sulfur.
Default config values:
- Max veins per chunk: 9
- Max blocks per vein: 9
- Min Y level: 30
- Max Y level: 100

**Limestone**

A common rock type that generates in large veins
- Max veins per chunk: 2
- Max blocks per vein: 50
- Min Y level: 16
- Max Y level: 50
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# Computers

If you are a noob at computers check out the quick [FAQ](computer/0-noobs.md).

There are computers and mining robots (more types are planned)
The computer is an emulator of a MIPS R3000 processor.

The specs of the computer are:
- CPU clock speed is 1MHz
- RAM is 64kb
- Floppy disks have 128 blocks of 1024 bytes

To run the computer there are 3 buttons on the bottom left part of the GUI,
the first button starts the CPU clock,
the second stops the CPU clock,
and the third loads the bios into the RAM, so basically resets the computer.

In order to start the computer you need a floppy disk with an operative system or a program,
the bios will load the data from the floppy and start the program/OS.

Available systems:
- [FORTH](computer/1-forth.md)
- [Lisp](computer/2-lisp.md)
- [Shell](computer/3-shell.md)
- Assembler WIP
- Editor WIP

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# Electricity

- [Fundamentals of electricity](electricity/1-fundamentals.md)
- [Conversion rates](electricity/2-conversion-rates.md)
- [Transportation](electricity/3-transportation.md)
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# Heat system

Heat is an important mechanic of the mod, It tries to imitate the real world as much as possible.

The heat flow is measured in watts, the same as electricity and is stored as the internal energy of
the materials. Every heat conductor has the following properties: internal energy, mass, conductivity and molar mass.
You may noticed that there is no temperature, that is because it's calculated using the internal energy,
the mass and the molar mass.

### The no so realistic parts
To make the heat system more simple, there is no energy loss caused by irradiation and all the conductors
have the same material (Iron) so all them have the molar mass of 55.845 and the total mass of 1Kg per block.
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# Computers for noobs

- What can I do with a computer right now?
+ Nothing

- What can I do with a mining robot?
+ Mine

- How?
+ You need a mining robot and a floppy disk named 'SHELL',
place the robot in world and enter the gui,
place the shell disk in the slot with a floppy disk icon,
press the third red button and then the first red button,
a text should appear asking for input, type 'quarry 10'
and the robot will start mining and 10x10 area,
it will mine a column down to bedrock and go back,
it will wait some seconds for you to take the stuff from the inventory,
you can stop it anytime pressing the key 'q'

- Does the mining robot use energy?
+ No for now
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# FORTH

Red power 2 had a computer, the first being a real cpu in minecraft,
the computers in this mod work the same way (they have a different architecture)
so to make the computer work you need an operative system,
one of the most basic OS out there is FORTH,
since RP2 already had an implementation of FORTH there are some tutorials online about it.

FORTH is a stack based programing language that can act as operating system because
has some low level features like direct disk access, pointers, own memory management, and can work in kernel space.

To run commands just type it name, they must be separated with spaces, for example:
2 5 + .
This will print the result of 2 + 5

To get a list of available commands type: WORDS

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# Lisp

Lisp is an old programing language, it was created around 1958, but it introduced a lot of features that
modern programing languages still use like immutable lists, garbage collection, closures, lambdas, even metaprograming macros.

### Bases
To run a function just place the name of the function between parents, for example: (free)
add arguments placing them inside the parents after the function name: (print 5)

You can create a list using the character: ' and all the elements of the list in parents: '(1 2 3 4 5)
' will tell the interpreter not to execute the next thing, if you don't put ' it will try to execute it as a function

Using ' you can print a symbol as an string: (print 'Hello 'World!)

Functions can be created with defun: (defun say-5 () (print 5)) and now run it (say-5)
Variables are defined with define: (define x 5) and we can show it with (print x)

To get a list of available functions type: (env)
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# Shell

This programs is inspired by the linux shell (sh), but it's a lot more basic.
The program can be loaded the same way as the other, inserting the shell floppy disk and restarting the computer.

The program adds the following commands:
- help: prints all available commands
- ls: list the content of the current directory
- cd: changes the current directory
- mkdir: makes a new directory
- rm: removes a file or directory
- format: formats a disk so it can have files and directories
- free: shows the free space in a disk
- fs: shows metadata about the filesystem
- cat: shows the content of a files
- touch: creates a empty file
- write: lets you write some lines into a file
- update_disk: when the shel is unable to detect if a disk is formatted this fixes it
- pastebin: let you download stuff from pastebin
- update: downloads a new version of a program
- quarry: mines a squared area, only works in miner robots

The most useful command probably will be 'quarry', in a mining robot allow you to mine an area automatically, right now the
mining robots don't use energy and can't move items by themselves. You will need pipes or something to extract the items.

Other useful command is 'update', allow you to download the latest version of a program, right now the available programs
are 'forth.bin', 'lisp.bin', 'shell.bin'. Updating requires a new floppy disk to store the new program.
Even if the mod doesn't update you can get new versions of the programs with bug fixes or new features.
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# Electricity Fundamentals

The mechanics of the energy system tries to imitate the real behaviour of electricity,
so the formulas I = V/R and W = I*R work and can be used to predict the behaviour of the system

Fortunately there is no need to use math to figure out how everything works,
like any other energy system there are generators and machines that consume energy,
the generators will make energy until the network voltage reaches a limit (120V-125V),
voltage can be though as the energy stored in the cables,
the voltage will be distributed across all connected devices so every block has the same voltage,
however the generator will try to make the voltage higher and the machines will try to make the voltage lower,
this will cause a difference between the voltage in the start and the end of the network,
this difference will create a flow of electricity (amperage or intensity) that will carry the energy from the generators to the consumers.

Most machines have an internal battery, when the voltage is higher than a internal limit the battery will start to charge,
if the voltage drops below another internal limit, the battery will start to discharge.
This means that the batteries will keep the voltage at least at the lower limit, while they have power, this is important,
because the energy that is moved trough cables is calculated by Energy = Voltage * Amperage,
this means that the total energy moved depends on the flow of electricity and the voltage,
so the higher the voltage the more energy is transmitted.

The system has energy loss over distance, this doesn't mean the the cables delete energy,
this is caused by the voltage drop in the network,
for example: if we have a generator and a furnace,
the generator will be constantly trying to make the voltage higher, while the furnace tries to lower the voltage,
both machines just create or consume energy in form of amperage (electric flow),
to create amperage the generator uses the formula I = W/V,
so it produces amperage (electric flow) based on the energy that want to produce and the voltage in the generator block,
the furnace does the same, I = W/V drains electricity based on the energy that want to consume and the current voltage on the furnace block,
so if the voltage is higher in generator the amperage (electric flow) created will be lower,
and if the voltage is lower in the furnace the amperage drained will be high,
this will cause the generator to create less energy and the furnace to use more, this means there is energy loss,
even if the two machines want to produce/consume the same amount of energy.

The energy loss depends on the difference of the two voltages and this depends on the total resistance between the blocks,
this is the resistance of 1 block multiplied by the distance, so distance affect losses.
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# Conversion Rates
**Watts**
1 J = 1 RF
1 J = 0.25 EU
1 J = 1 FE (forge energy)
1 Watt = 1 J/t

- Watts are flow rate
- Joules are energy amount

**Steam**
1 J = Steam 0.5mb
Water|1mb = Steam 10mb

Radius of the sun: 695.700 km
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# Electricity Transportation

Electricity can be transmitted through electrical connectors, electric cables and electric poles.

**Connecting**

To run power lines to and from electrical connectors, machines and power poles, you need a copper coil item,
shift right click attaches the wire to the first connector, single right click on the second connector make the connexion.
(max 8 blocks)

**Electric pole**
To connect normal connectors and electric poles you need a electric pole transformer,
just right click, with it in you hand, into a electric pole to convert it into a electric pole with transformer,
now you can connect the pole with a normal connector.
(max 16 blocks)
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# Magneticraft manual

*Sections*
- [Getting Started](1-getting-started.md)
- [Machines](2-machines.md)
- [Multiblocks](3-multiblocks.md)
- [World Generation](4-world-generation.md)
- [Computers](5-computers.md)
- [Electricity](6-electricity.md)
- [Heat](7-heat.md)
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# Generators

- [Steam Engine](generators/2-steam-engine.md)
- [Thermopile](generators/3-thermopile.md)
- [Wind turbine](generators/4-wind-turbine.md)
- [Solar panel](generators/5-solar-panel.md)
- [Solar tower](generators/6-solar-tower.md)
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# Processing Machines

- [Crushing table](processing_machines/1-crushing-table.md)
- [Sluice Box](processing_machines/2-sluice-box.md)
- [Grinder](processing_machines/3-grinder.md)
- [Sieve](processing_machines/4-sieve.md)
- [Hydraulic Press](processing_machines/5-hydraulic-press.md)
- [Pumpjack](processing_machines/6-pumpjack.md)
- [Electric furnace](processing_machines/7-electric-furnace.md)
- [Oil Heater](processing_machines/8-oil-heater.md)
- [Refinery](processing_machines/9-refinery.md)
- [Gasification Unit](processing_machines/10-gasification-unit.md)
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# Transportation


- [Inserters](transport/1-inserters.md)
- [Conveyor belts](transport/2-conveyor-belts.md)
- [Fluid pipes](transport/3-fluid-pipes.md)
- [Heat pipes](transport/4-heat-pipes.md)

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# Utilities

- [Shelving Unit](utilities/1-shelving-unit.md)
- [Shipping Container](utilities/2-shipping-container.md)
- [Water Generator](utilities/3-water-generator.md)
- [AirLock](utilities/4-airlock.md)
- [Feeding Trough](utilities/5-feeding-trough.md)
- [Copper Tank](utilities/6-copper-tank.md)
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**Small Steam Engine**

One of the first ways to generate electricity in Magneticraft.
Uses steam to generate electricity, it produces 2 Watts per milibucket of steam and it has a max energy production of 160 Watts.

To generate the steam you will need a [Combustion Chamber](2.1-combustion-chamber.md) and a [Steam Boiler](2.2-steam-boiler.md).

This structure is a [multiblock](../../3-multiblocks.md) of size *3, 4, 4* (x, y, z).

*NOTE*: it has blocks 1 level below the base block

Materials needed:
- 1 x Steam Engine Blueprint
- 1 x Copper Coil Machine Block
- 2 x Support Column
- 7 x Iron Grate Machine Blocks
- 3 x Bricks (Block)
- 3 x Machine Block
- 1 x Corrugated Iron Machine Block
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# Combustion Chamber

This block burns coal or charcoal to generate heat,
the heat can be used to generate steam in a [Steam Boiler](2.2-steam-boiler.md) or in any other machine that needs [heat](../../7-heat.md) to work.

Every tick the combustion chamber will produce 40 Watts of energy in heat.
The coal/charcoal will last 400 ticks (20 seconds).

When the door of the combustion chamber is open the speed is reduced to half.
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